英国历史文化概况英文版课件董晓波 ISBN9787566305251 PPTUNIT 4.ppt

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1、Unit4LawsandRulesCONTENTSTeachingAimsTextATextBSupplementingReadingTEACHINGAIMSAfterstudyingthisunit,youarerequiredto:1.HaveageneralideaofthelawsysteminUK.2.LearnsomethingabouttheConstitutionoftheUnitedKingdom.3.Masterthedifficultwordsandexpressions.TextAConstitutionoftheUnitedKingd

2、omTEXTAPreview和其他许多国家不同，英国并没有成文宪法，因此称作“不成文宪法”。所谓的英国宪法，是对一整套包含基本规范和政治体制的成文法、习惯法和惯例的统称。英国宪法实际上是对英国实际的社会政治秩序的概括，是英国几百年政治流变的产物，并非一时制定的法律文件。英国著名宪法学家布莱斯曾评论道：“英国宪法是任何作者也作不出透彻说明的智慧产物，所具备的性质于几个世纪逐渐浸染而成。”TEXTAReadingComprehensionI.TranslatethefollowingphrasesintoChineseorEnglish.1.beembodiedi

3、n2.beinconsistentwith3.straightforward4.bedependenton5.deferto6.迫使；强制7.重新洗牌8.配置；展开9.透明的；显然的10.长子身份；长子继承权TEXTAReadingComprehensionII.Matchthewordsontheleftwiththeirmeaningsontheright.1．prerogativeA.遵照，符合2．sovereigntyB.努力的3.conformtoC.主权4.breachD.违反5.arduousE.有特权的6.consentF.使溶解；使分解7.d

4、issolveG.辞职；退位8.AbdicationH.同意TEXTAReadingComprehensionIII.Discussion.HowmanyprinciplesarethereofConstitutionofUnitedKingdom?Whatarethey?CanyougiveadefinitionofConstitutionofUnitedKingdom?TEXTANotes1.Aconstitutionalconventionisaninformalanduncodifiedproceduralagreementthatisfollowed

5、bytheinstitutionsofastate.Insomestates,notablythoseCommonwealthofNationsstatesthatfollowtheWestminstersystemandwhosepoliticalsystemsderivefromBritishconstitutionallaw,mostgovernmentfunctionsareguidedbyconstitutionalconventionratherthanbyaformalwrittenconstitution.Inthesestates,actua

6、ldistributionofpowermaybemarkedlydifferentfromthosetheformalconstitutionaldocumentsdescribes.Inparticular,theformalconstitutionoftenconferswidediscretionarypowersontheheadofstatethat,inpractice,areusedonlyontheadviceoftheheadofgovernment.2.TheRoyalPrerogativeisabodyofcustomaryauthor

7、ity,privilege,andimmunity,recognisedintheUnitedKingdomasthesoleprerogativeoftheSovereign.ManyoftheexecutivepowersofBritishgovernment,vestedinamonarch,havebeenbestowedunderthemandateoftheRoyalPrerogative.TEXTANotes3.AlbertVennDicey(4February1835–7April1922)wasaBritishjuristandconstit

8、utionaltheorist,who