资源描述:
《英语语法(小升初).doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、英语语法(为女儿小升初整理的)一、代词单数复数人称代词主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主代词形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs以第一人称“我”为例:1、I永远在句子的最前面Ihaveapen.2、My“我的”后面必须跟名词Thisismypen.3、Mine=My+名词Thispenismine.4、Me放在动词的后面Giveittome.Showmeyourpen.二、名词1、名词分为可数名词和不可
2、数名词。2、不可数名词没有复数,1)drink?milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridge2)food?rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings3)其他4)表达时,在数词和不可数名词间要加量词+of,例如:aglassofwater,apieceofpaper,abottleofjuice3、可数名词的复数1)一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2)以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-bus
3、es,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries4)以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knives,thief-thieves5)以“o”结尾的词,分两种情况i.有生命的+es如:mango-mangoestomato-tomatoeshero-heroesii.无生命的+s如:photo-photosradio-radios6)不规则名词复数:man-men,woman
4、-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese4、常用搭配1)a/an、many+可数名词复数apen;manypencile2)much/alittle+不可数名词Howmuchisit?3)some,any,alotof(lotsof)两者都可以修饰。4)some和
5、any.some用于肯定句;any用于否定句和一般疑问句。例如:Thereissomewaterintheglass.(肯定句) Therearesomeflowersinthegarden.(肯定句)Therearen’tanylampsinthestudy.(否定句)Arethereanymapsonthewall?(一般疑问句)一、形容词比较级1、信号:当句中出现关键字“than”时,就一定用比较级!2、比较级的变形1)一般直接+er。如:tall-taller,fast-faster 单音节词如果以-e结尾,只加-r。如:late–later2)以辅
6、音字母加-y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er。如:heavy-heavier,early–earlier3)短词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须双写这个字母,再加-er。如:big-bigger,fat–fatter4)长词,双音节和多音节词的比较级应在原级前加more构成。如:beautiful-morebeautiful,careful-morecareful,quietly-morequietly,interesting-moreinteresting5)不规则变化:good/well–better,bad/ill–worse,many/much–more,fa
7、r–farther/further,old–older/elder二、动词过去式现在分词(现在进行时)1、be动词(am,is,are)a)过去式i.am—was,is–was,are--wereii.口诀:我用am,你用are,is用在他她它,所有复数全用areb)否定形式,及缩写amnot(没有缩写形式),arenot=aren’t,isnot=isn’t2、助动词(do,does,did)a)do,does用于一般现在时,其过去式did用于一般过去时。b)does用在他她它,其他都用do,所有人称的过去式都是didc)通常用在疑问句和否定句中,否定形式,及
8、缩写donot=don’