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1、知识盘点真题探究11.考查关系代词和关系副词的用法,找出先行词,确定关系词在定语从句中的作用,正确选出关系词。2.将定语从句与强调句型、同位语从句以及状语从句融合在一起进行考查,既考查句式结构的辨析能力,又考查关系词与其他连词的区分运用能力。3.介词+关系代词结构的准确选择和运用。4.定语从句中的特殊应用和规定,尤其是where引导的定语从句。考点1 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词who代指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whom代指2人,在定语从句中作动词或介词的宾语;which代指物,作主语或宾语;that代指人或物,作主语、宾语或表语。Thisisthedetec
2、tivewhocamefromLondon.这就是那位来自伦敦的侦探。Thebook(that/which)IamreadingiswrittenbyThomasHardy.我正在看的这本书是托马斯·哈代所写。Thisistheroom(that/which)Shakespearewasbornin.这就是莎士比亚出生的房间。注:先行词在定语从句中作表语时,不管先行词是指人还是指物,引导3词都要用关系代词that,但在非限制性定语从句中要改用which。He’schangedalot.He’snotthemanthathewas.他变化很大,已经不是过去的他了。Thi
3、sisnotaneasyquestionthatyouthinkittobe.这个问题不是像你认为的那么容易。Hehasbecomeadoctor,whichhewantedtobe.他成为了一名医生,这是他以前一直梦想的。考点2 关系代词which引导的定语从句还可修饰前面整个主句,此 时which相当于andthis4Hesucceededinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.他赢得了本次比赛,这令他父母很高兴。Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,whichwasmorethanwe
4、couldexpect.天气最后晴朗起来,这是我们没有料到的。Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,afterwhichhewentontoCambridgeUniversity.他在当地的一所文法学校就读之后上了剑桥大学。考点3 介词+关系代词“介词+关系代词”可以引导定语从句,但关系代词只可用5whom或which,不可用who或that。介词的选择应遵循以下三个原则:1.看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配Thegoalforwhichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimpor-tanttohim.(
5、fightfor)2.看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配HereferredmetosomereferencebookswithwhichIamnotveryfa-miliar.(befamiliarwith)3.根据先行词判断,所用的介词要与先行词搭配Therateatwhichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.(ata6rate)4.根据语境选择Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,abovewhichappear
6、edararerainbowsoon.(rain-bow只能用appearaboveMountQomolangma)考点4 关系代词whose引导定语从句whose引导定语从句时,在定语从句中作定语,即先行词的所有格,修饰物时可换成“the+n.+ofwhich”或“ofwhich+the+n.”;修饰人时可换成“the+n.+ofwhom”。7Helivesinahousewhosewindow(thewindowofwhich/ofwhichthewindow)facesthesouth.他住在一座窗户朝南的房子里。Thisisthescientistwhosen
7、ame(thenameofwhom)isknownalloverthecountry.这就是那位全国知名的科学家。考点5 as引导的定语从句as有“正如;就像”之意,在非限制性定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,从句可放在主句的前面、后面或插入主句中间,一般用逗号与主句隔开;但which引导的非限制性定语从句一般只能放在主句之后。8Ashadbeenexpected,theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.正如所预料的那样,英格兰队赢得了本次球赛的胜利。Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood,w
