高中名词性从句讲解及练习.doc

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1、名词性从句主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词，因此这四种从句统称为名词性从句。这四种从句与主句间不用逗号。一．名词性从句连接词的选用可分为三类：1.that在名词性从句中只起连接作用，不充当成分，也没有实际意义。Thathewillcomeiscertain.Ithinkthathe’llbeallrightinafewdays.ThefactisthatIhaveneverbeenthere.Thefactthatshehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedallofus.2.whether/if在名词性从句中有“是否”之意，但不

2、充当成分。附Whether/if区分：在宾语从句中可互换，但介词和discuss后的宾语从句用whether;其它名词性从句用whether；可以说whethertodo但不能说iftodo;可说whether/if……ornot,whetherornot，不能说ifornot.Whethershe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.Iwonderwhether/ifitistrue.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.Theyaskedmethequestionwhethertheworkwasworthdoin

3、g.Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcome.(不能用ifornot)Idon’t’knowif/whethertheywillcomeornot.另外别忘了if可引导条件状语从句。试比较：Pleaseletmeknowifyouwanttogo.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.3.其它连接词的选用遵循：“缺什么，补什么”的原则。缺状语，补连接副词where,when,why,how;缺主语，宾语，表语，定语，补连接代词：who,whom,what,which,whose.Whereshehasgoneisnotkn

4、ownyet.Whyhediditwasn’tquiteclear.Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.Idon’tknowwherewearegoingtohavethemeeting.Pleasetellmewhenweshalldiscussourworkplan.Thisiswhyheislate.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.Ireallydon’tknowwhatheisdoing.Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.Do

5、youknowwho/whomtheyarewaitingfor.Heaskedwhosedictionaryitwas.二．名词性从句应该注意的。1.名词性从句用陈述语序。注意whatisthematterwith…….被看作陈述语序。如：Doyouknowwhatisthematterwithhim?不能用Doyouknowwhatthematteriswithhim?2.同位语从句和定语从句的区分：同位语从句对其前边的名词起解释补充说明,可译为“既;那就是”;定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用,译为“┉的”;that引导的定语从句在从句中要充当成分,作宾语,表语可省略;而tha

6、t引导的同位语从句只起引导作用,不充当成分,不能省略.Thesuggestion(that)ourteachergaveussoundsOK.ThesuggestionthatweshouldarrangeourtimescientificallysoundsOK.Thenews(that)youheardisnottrue.ThenewsthatLincolnwasmurderedatatheatreistrue.Thefactthatyoupointedoutmademeinterested.Thefactthattherearenolivesonthemoonisknown

7、tousall.1.名词性从句中的what可改为定语从句thething(s)/person(s)that;whatever可改为anythingthat,whoever可改为anyonewhoTheyarecarefulaboutwhattheyeat.=Theyarecarefulaboutthethingsthattheyeat.Heisnotwhatheusedtobe.=Heisnottheonethatheusedtobe.Hewouldbelievewhatever