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1、六级考前模考试卷（三）PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Auto-Tune:WhyPopMusicSoundsPerfectIfyouhaven’tbeenlisteningtopopradiointhepastfewmonths,you’vemissedtheriseoftwoseeminglyopposingtrends.Inamediuminwhichmediocre(平庸的)singinghasneverbeenabartoentry,alotofpopvocalssuddenly
2、soundgreat.Betterthangreat:note-andpitch-perfect,asifthere’sbeenanunspokentighteningofstandardsatrecordlabelsoranevolutionaryleapinthedevelopmentofvocalcords.Attheotherextremeareafewhip-hopsingerswhoalsohittheirnotesbutwithaprecisionsoexaggeratedthatonfirstlisten,theirsongssoundcomically
3、artificial,likeachorusof50srobotssingingMotown.Theforcebehindbothtrendsisaningeniousplug-incalledAuto-Tune,adownloadablestudiotrickthatcantakeavocalandinstantlynudgeitontothepropernoteormoveittothecorrectpitch.It’slikePhotoshopforthehumanvoice.Auto-Tunedoesn’tmakeitpossibleforjustanyonet
4、osinglikeapro,butusedasitscreatorintended,itcantransformawavering(颤抖的)performanceintosomethingtechnicallyflawless.“Rightnow,ifyoulistentopop,everythingisinperfectpitch,perfecttimeandperfecttune,”saysproducerRickRubin.“That’showwidespreadAuto-Tuneis.”Auto-Tune’sinventorisamannamedAndyHild
5、ebrand,whoworkedforyearsinterpretingseismic(i.e.relatingtoearthquakes)datafortheoilindustry.Usingamathematicalformulacalledautocorrelation,Hildebrandwouldsendsoundwavesintothegroundandrecordtheirreflections,providinganaccuratemapofpotentialdrillsites.It’satechniquethatsavesoilcompanieslo
6、tsofmoneyandallowedHildebrandtoretireat40.Hewasdebatingthenextchapterofhislifeatadinnerpartywhenaguestchallengedhimtoinventaboxthatwouldallowhertosingintune.Afterheworkedonautocorrelationforafewmonths,Auto-Tunewasborninlate1996.Almostimmediately,studioengineersadopteditasatradesecrettofi
7、xflubbed(搞砸了的)notes,savingthemtheexpenseandtroubleofhavingtoredosessions.ThefirsttimecommonearsheardAuto-Tunewasontheimmenselyirritating1998Cherhit“Believe”.Inthefirstverse,whenChersings“Ican’tbreakthrough”asthoughshe’sstandingbehindanelectricfan,that’sAuto-Tune—butit’sno
