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1、HenryDavidThoreau NathanielHawthorneOctober13,2008Agenda1.Thoreau:BriefIntroductionandaSummaryofRelatedResearches2.CommentsonPreviousAssignments3.Hawthorne:BriefIntroductionandReadingAssignmentsHenryDavidThoreau(1)1817-1862,Americanwriter,philosopher,andnaturalist,whoseworkdemonstrateshowt
2、heabstractidealsoflibertarianismandindividualismcanbeeffectivelyinstilledinaperson'slife.1.HenryDavidThoreau(2)1.HenryDavidThoreau(3)HewasborninConcord,Massachusetts.From1841to1843ThoreaulivedinthehomeofAmericanessayistandtranscendentalphilosopherRalphWaldoEmerson.In1845Thoreaumovedtoacrud
3、ehutontheshoresofWaldenPond,wherehedevotedhistimetostudyingnature,meditatingonphilosophicalproblems,readingclassicliterature,andholdinglongconversationswithhisneighbors.1.HenryDavidThoreau(4)OnlytwoofThoreau'sworkswerepublishedduringhislifetime:AWeekontheConcordandMerrimackRivers(1849)andW
4、alden;or,LifeintheWoods(1854).AWeekontheConcordandMerrimackRiversisthenarrativeofaboatingtripthatThoreautookwithhisbrotherin1839.InWalden,hismostenduringandpopularwork,Thoreauexplainshismotivesforlivingapartfromsocietyanddevotinghimselftoasimplelifestyleandtotheobservationofnature.1.HenryD
5、avidThoreau(5)In1846ThoreauchosetogotojailratherthantosupporttheMexicanWar(1846-1848)bypayinghispolltax.Heclarifiedhispositioninhisessay,“CivilDisobedience”(1849),inwhichhealsodiscussedpassiveresistance,amethodofprotestthatlaterwasadoptedbyIndianleaderMohandasGandhi,andbycivilrightsactivis
6、tsintheUnitedStates.1.HenryDavidThoreau(6)StudiesonThoreau王光林：《美国的梭罗研究》，《华东师范大学学报》（哲学社会科学版），2006年第6期，第99-103+117页。陈爱华：《梭罗在中国：1949至2005》，《四川外语学院学报》，2007年第2期，第42-45页。2.CommentsonAssignments(1)1.HowdidPuritanisminfluencetheliteratureofcolonialAmerica?Citeexamplestoillustrateyourpointsofview.M
7、ostofthewell-knownauthorsduringthisperiodwerePuritans.TheirwritingsshowedclearinfluencesofPuritanismbothintheircontentsandstyles.AmericanPuritanismstressedpredestination,originalsin,totaldepravity,andlimitedatonementfromGod’sgrace.SuchPuritanthoughtscanbeeasil
