曼德拉简介 英文 完整版.ppt

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1、NELSONMANDELAHisBirth*NelsonMandelawasborninTranskei,SouthAfricaon18july1918*Hisfatherwasheadofthefamoustribe“Tembo”*HediedandNelsonwasstillyoung,buthewaselectedinsteadofhisfatherandbeganpreparingforthejob*Membersofhistribetitledhim“Madiba”thatmean“greatrevered”andhasbecomesynonymo

2、uswith“NelsonMandela”HisEducation*Mandelacompletedhisprimaryschoolinaboardingschoolin1930.*ThenhebeganpreparationforaBAdegreefrom“FortHare”Universitybutin1940heseparatedfromtheuniversitywithhisfriend“OliverTambo”accusedofparticipatinginastudentstrike.*Hehasfollowedhisstudyingbycorr

3、espondencefromJohannesburgandreceivedBAandthenjoinedWitwatersranduniversitytostudylaw.HisPoliticalactivity*MandelabeganinthepoliticaloppositiontotheSouthAfricanregimewhichwasinthewhiteminority’shand.Sothatthejudgmentwasdeniedpoliticalrightsandsocialandeconomicdevelopmentoftheblackm

4、ajorityinSouthAfrica.A.N.CAfricanNationalCongress*In1943HejoinedtheAfricanNationalCongress,whichwascallingforthedefenseoftherightsoftheblackmajorityinSouthSenegal*In1961,MandelabecamepresidentofthemilitarywingoftheA.N.C*HeheldthepresidencyoftheAfricanCouncil(June1991-toDecember1997

5、)NelsonInJail*In1962Mandelawasarrestedandsentencedfor5yearsinprisonforillegaltravel,andthemeasureofthestrike.*In1964hewassentencedagainaccusedofplanningforarmedactionandhightreasonandsentencedtolifeimprisonment.*On10June,1980MandelawasabletosendamessagetotheAfricanNationalCongress.

6、Inwhichhesaid:“Unite!Andequipped!Andfight!Asbetweentheanvilofthepopularmovement,andthehammerofthearmedresistance,willcrushtheapartheid.”*Hewasofferedhisreleaseversusstoppingthearmedresistance,butherefused.*Heremainedinprisonuntil11February,1990NobelPrize*In1993,NelsonwontheNobelPri

7、zeforPeacewithPresidentFrederickDeclarkWhowasannouncedtostopthebanthatwasimposedontheAfricanCongressThepresidencyofSouthAfrica*MandelabecamethefirstblackpresidentofSouthAfrica(May1994-toJune2000).*DuringhisadministrationSouthAfricahasseenamajortransitionfromminorityruletomajorityru

8、le.*In2005,chosenbytheUnit