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1、条件句表示主句的条件,分真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。a.真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气1一、用法归纳:虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法主从句构成时态虚拟条件从句(if…)主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设If+主语+did(be用were)主语+would/should/could/might+doIf+主语+haddone主语+would/should/could/mighthav
2、edone2主从句构成虚拟条件从句(if…)主句与将来情况相反的假设①If+主语+did②If+主语+weretodo③If+主语+shoulddo主语+would/should/could/mightdo时态3二虚拟语气在条件从句中的应用1）与现在事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：IfIwereyou,Iwouldgothere.过去时would,should,could,might+动词原形注意：在虚拟语气中，只能用were，不能用was.IfIhadalotofmoneyIwouldbuyavilla.4三与将来事
3、实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishouldgotoseeafilm.IfheshouldhavetimenextSunday,hewouldgotovisittheGreatWall.IfIweretobetwentynextyear,Icouldtakethecourse.1）过去时would,should,could,might+动词原形2）should+动词原形3)wereto+动词原形5四与过去事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：Ifhehadcomeearlier,he
4、wouldhaveseenher.had+动词的过去分词would,should,could,might+have+动词的过去分词Ifhehaddrivenmorecarefully,hewouldnothavehadthecaraccidentyesterday6HadIhadtime,Iwouldhavegonetoseethefilm.=IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhavegonetoseethefilm.五在虚拟语气的条件从句中，可以省略if，但要把状语从句变成一般疑问句语序。____today
5、,hewouldgetthereonFriday.WasheleavingB.IfheleavesC.WerehetoleaveD.IfheisleavingC7六有时虚拟语气的条件从句不用if引导，而用butfor,without,ifonly,otherwise等词。Butforyourhelp,Icouldn’thavemadesuchgreatprogressinEnglish.Withoutair,wecouldn’tlive.3)Ifonlytheweatherwerefine.4)Ihadbeenth
6、erebytaxi,otherwiseIwouldhavemissedthetrain.以butfor,without开头的句子，谓语动词的形式和if的主句的一致。主、从句的谓语动词的形式都和if从句相一致。以Ifonly开头的句子，谓语动词的形式和if从句的一致。8七有时虚拟条件从句与主句的时间不一致，出现混合虚拟语气结构。Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbewell.IfIwereyouIwouldnothavegonetoseethefilmyesterday.
7、在混合虚拟语气结构中，从句表示的动作与主句表示的动作的时间不一致，这时主、从句谓语动词的形式要根据它们发生的时间进行调整。9ShetalkedaboutAmericaasifhehadbeenbornthere.Hesingsasthoughhewereasinger.八、由asif或asthough引导的状语从句，其谓语动词用过去式或had+动词的过去分词。1)Heappearsasthoughhe____anItalian.A.wereB.wasC.hasbeenD.be2)Itseemsasifhe____t
8、hereyesterday.A.wasB.wereC.hasbeenD.hadbeenAD10九、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用(1）*wish+宾语从句IwishIwereadoctor.IwishIshouldgoabroadnextyear.3)IwishIhadseenthefootballmatch.与现在事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去时。与将来事
