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1、一、构词法1．动词→名词work→worker invent→inventor teach→teacher sing→singervisit→visitordrive→driverinvent→inventionoperate→operation2．名词→名词farm→farmerpolice→policemanFrench→Frenchman3．名词→形容词care→carelesshelp→helplesscare→carefuluse→usefulsun→sunnycloud→cloudywind→wi
2、ndyrain→rainyAmerica→AmericanChina→Chineseinterest→interestingdifference→differentice→icydanger→dangerouspoison→poisonousfriend→friendlylove→lovely4．形容词→副词quick→quicklyhappy→happilypossible→possiblytrue→trulypolite→politelywide→widely5．形容词→反义词happy→unhappyu
3、sual→unusualable→unablepolite→impolitedependent→independent二、常用词、词组和短语的英语解释例如：lookafter－takecareofdowellin－begoodatrightaway－atoncerightnow－nowhavearest－takearestinthemiddleof－inthecentreof感官动词￭1.感官动词用法之一：see,hear,listento,watch,notice等词，后接宾语，再接动词原形或ing形式。前
4、者表全过程，后者表正在进行。句中有频率词时，以上的词也常跟动词原形。 IheardsomeoneknockingatthedoorwhenIfellasleep.(我入睡时有人正敲门)Iheardsomeoneknockatthedoorthreetimes.(听的是全过程)Ioftenwatchmyclassmatesplayvolleyballafterschool.(此处有频率词often)若以上词用于被动语态，后面原有动词原形改为带to不定式：6Wesawhimgointotherestaurant.
5、 →Hewasseentogointotherestaurant.Iheartheboycryeveryday. →Theboyisheardtocryeveryday.￭2.感官动词用法之二：look,sound,smell,taste,feel可当系动词，后接形容词：1．Helooksangry.2.Itsoundsgood.3.Theflowerssmellbeautiful.4.Thesweetstastesweet.5.Thesilkfeelssoft.6.Ifelttired.7.Theyalll
6、ookedtired.★★这些动词都不用于被动语态。如：Thesweetsaretastedsweet.是个病句。★注意：如果加介词like,则后不可接形容词，而接名词或代词：Helookslikehismother.Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.Itsoundslikegreatfun.Itsmellslikeaflower.Ittasteslikesalt.词汇辨析yet,already,still1.still的意思是仍然2.yet是现在完成时的标志，yet用在疑问句和否定句中，3.a
7、lready是现在完成时的标志，是已经的意思，用于肯定句中例句：Haveyoubrushyourteethyet?你刷牙了吗？I'vealreadybushedmyteeth.我已经刷牙了。too,also,either都表示“也”1.too用在句末，只用于肯定句。Iamateacher,too．2．also置于句中，也只用于肯定句。Sheisalsoateacher．3.either通常置于句末，用于否定句。Heisn'tateacher,either．speak,say,talk,tell1.speak重
8、在指人们对语言的掌握或使用。IcanspeakalittleEnglish．2.say强调说话的内容Hesaidhewasgoingtobeateacher．3.talk指交谈或连续说话,常与with或to搭配。Whataretheytalkingabout?4.tell意为告诉，tellsb.(todo)sth.Canyoutellmethewaytothecinema?borrow,lend，k
