UncertaintyAvoidance不确定性规避.ppt

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1、UncertaintyAvoidance(不确定性规避)AccordingtoHofstede(1998),uncertaintyavoidancereferstothelackoftoleranceforambiguityanduncertaintyandtheneedforformalrulesandhigh-levelorganizationalstructure.UncertaintyAvoidanceincludestwoforms:LowuncertaintyAvoidanceHighuncertaintyAvoidanceLowUncertaint

2、yAvoidance低度不确定性规避Culturesoflowuncertaintyavoidancehavelessconcernaboutambiguityanduncertaintyandhavemoretoleranceforavarietyofopinions.（U.S.,Canada,GreatBritain…）HighUncertaintyAvoidance高度不确定性规避Culturesofhighuncertaintyavoidancehavealowtoleranceforuncertaintyandambiguity.(France,Jap

3、an…)1.Thereisastrongwinglingnesstolivedaybyday.2.Peoplehavelowlevelofstress.lowThereisgreateranxietyaboutthefuture.Peoplehavehighlevelofstress.highPeoplearemorerisk-taking.Onehopesforsuccess.lowPeoplearelessrisk-taking.Failureisfeared.high1.Superordinatesmaysay“Idon’tknow.”2.Lessform

4、alorganizationalstructuresaredesired.lowSuperordinateshavealltheanswers.Formalorganizationalstructuresaredesired.highLowUncertaintyAvoidanceHighUncertaintyAvoidanceLessemotionalresistancetochangeMoreemotionalresistancetochangeLittleloyaltytoone’semployerMoreloyaltytoone’semployerInit

5、iative）ofsubordinatesisencouragedInitiativeofsubordinatesisdiscouragedDifferencesaretoleratedDifferencesaredangerousSometimesrulescanbebroken.Rulescanbebroken.Somecharacteristicsofbusinessculture.lowhighhighlowlowhigh16TheScoreofUncertaintyAvoidanceIndex上中下(50,70)InfluenceEachcountry

6、haseachculture,wecannottreatanycountriesatthesameattitude.Inthebusiness,aAmericanclerkwillneverunderstandwhystaffshouldstayinthesamecompanyforallhis/herlife.Sotherewillbeconflictbetweenthembecausethatiscultureinfluencethatnoteveryculturecanbeadapttoanotherculture.Inaword,influenceisi

7、nevitable.