英语专八人文知识背诵资料汇总.docx

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1、GeoGeographyGreatBritainAmericaCanadaAustraliaNewZealandmountainBenNevis(Highestmountain)Scafell(highestpeak)ThePennies(mountainchain)RockyMountains(‘backbone‘or‘continentaldivide’)ThegreatcentralplainTheAppalachianmountainsMountLogan(highestpeak)Mountcook(highestpeak)Mou

2、ntruapehu(highesthillinnorthisland)riverSevernRiver(longest)ThamesRiver(mostimportant)theMississippiriver(‘fatherofwaters,’oldmanriver’)Ohioriver(‘AmericanRuhr’)St.Lawrence(mostimportant)theMackenzie(longest)TheMurrayriver(longestandBiggest)LakeTaupo(largest)lakesLoughNei

3、gh(largest)LochLomond(largestinScot)Windermere(largestinEngland)LakeVyrnwy(largestinWales)ThegreatlakeslakeMichigan:entirelyinUSothers:Superior,Huron,Erie,OntarioGreatbearlake(largest)Greatslavelake(deepest)ThegreatlakesLakeEyre(largest)TheCluthariver(largestinsouthWaikat

4、oriverandWanganuiriver(largestinnorth)climateMaritimetypeReasons:surroundingwatersTheprevailingsoutheastwindsTheNorthAtlanticDriftNortheastern:humidcontinentalclimateSoutheastern:humidsubtropicalclimateThegreatplains:continentalSteppeclimateMainly:temperatecontinentalclim

5、ateThenorth:polarclimateThewest:TemperateMaritimeClimateDesertorsemiaridPlants:Eucalypts,wattlesAnimals:kangaroos,emus,budgerigarsFromcooltemperatetowarmtemperate(January—warmest,July—coldest)Christchurch—thedriestcityAuckland—thewettestcityIntermountain:continentalDesert

6、climatePacificnorthwest:maritimeclimateReasons:itslatitudezoneOceanicenvironmentMountainsespeciallythesouthernAlpsEthnicgroupsFirstsettlers:theIberiansTheEnglish(mainly):Anglo-SaxonTheScottish,thewelsh,theIrish,thenorthIrish:CeltsOriginalhabitants：IndianImmigrantsfromallo

7、vertheworld(mainlyfromEuropeOriginalhabitants:theEskimosorInuitandIndiansImmigrations(mainlydescendantofBritainandFrance)Firstinhabitants:indigenousAustraliansImmigration(mainlyfromBritain)Firstinhabitants:Maori(10%)Immigration:allaroundtheworldcitiesLondon(capital,larges

8、tcity,largestport)Birmingham(secondlargest)Edinburgh(capitalofScotland)Cardiff(capitalofWales)Be