《基础物理实验ⅱ》课程实验报告.doc

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1、《基础物理实验II》课程实验报告学院：理工院专业：光信息年级：2013级实验人姓名（学号）：吴俊宏（13342074）参加人姓名（学号）：王骥（133420）口期：2014年10月14日星期二下午1・测量扭摆在自由状态下的固有振动频率，并测量自由状态下的阻尼系数〃初始振幅4。（。）周期数n时间t=nT⑸末振幅Ann阻尼系数0=—ln^Cs-1)nTAnv)固有振动频率=B仔丿2+仔2（L）5058.06410.0246217053.89783543.9654973843.9404225267.78410.0255078334.0381173947.6940.5

2、0.0274019554.0853879367.97410.0248997413.9418511078.13400.0274469313.864295081608.04500.0226768113.9075193513.9153476688.02490.0252524023.9172792177.98500.0228473133.9368991968.04510.0202137973.9075058338.04490.0251895853.907534741结论：随着初始角度的增大，阻尼系数减小2.观察阻尼振动现象，测量阻尼系数与阻尼电压的变化关系阻尼电压U(v

3、)阻尼电流I(A)初始振幅周期数n吋间t⑸末振幅AnH阻尼系数0007.91410.02508861418.02390.03098021920.0847.95390.03125300130.1278.01370.03759114840.1707.88290.06912781450.2145057.71260.08481536560.2577.91270.07789963870.3007.84230.09904703980.3427.78200.11777515890.3857.64170.141205453100.4277.84130.1718206183•测量

4、调速旋钮位置与简谐驱动力矩频率Z间的变化关系旋钮转动圈数周期数n时间t(s)频率07.454.2169028910.57.514.18321258817.384.2569006151.56.764.64732641127.634.1174215642.57.684.09061543437.684.0906154343.57.93.97669956247.774.0432337884.57.953.951688872557.883.9867927085.58.053.9025995768.213.8265440366.58.33.7850513978.23.831

5、2105537.58.633.64031593788.383.7489172488.58.653.63189902198.643.6361026089.58.823.5618964334.观察共振现象U=7VB=0.099047039s"圈数n频率0)(s~r)振幅A(°)相位差（rad）（p=tan-1（•竽笃）（且因为相位差总是落后，若求得大于0,减去7T）04.21690289120-2.7868744210.54.18321258823-2.74384065914.25690061525.5-2.827316121.54.64732641129-2・99

6、10919524.11742156433.5-2.6221041622.54.09061543439-2・55004564234.09061543447-2.5500456423.53.97669956258-1.92040941344.04323378873-2.3684455254.53.951688872100-1.68389688153.986792708124.5-2・0064162385.53.90259957105-1.20440350563.826544036103-0.708548756.53.7850513986-0.5583590373.8

7、3121055372-0.7295903347.53.64031593754-0.30695554283.74891724851-0.4670988888.53.63189902145-0.29873933793.63610260839-0.302791249.53.56189643335-0.243531396结论：由图知得共振频率大于I古I有频率，与理论不符。（解释：在小于固有频率处，有真实共振频率未测得）nco/ooO【思考题】1.实验过程屮如何设置实验设备，使波尔振动仪产生自由振动，阻尼振动，受迫振动。2•试讨论扭摆建立稳定的受迫振动过程的动力学过程。答

8、：1.关闭阻尼电源，关闭