英美概况部分课后习题及答案.doc

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1、HowdidmordendevelopmentinEuropeinflencethesettlementofnorthAmericacoloniesAn:TheEnglishpermanentsettlementsinnorthAmericabeganinthe17thcenturywhenweternEuropewasundergoinggreatchanges.Bythe16thcentury,somenewandpowerfulsocialforcesbegantoemergewhichledtothea

2、wakeningofEuropeandthediscoveryofAmerica.ThefirstnewforcewasthedevelopmentofcaptalismThenextmajorforcethatbroughtaboutthemoderndevelopmentofEuropeRevolutionwastheRenaissance.ThethirdinfluentialorcewastheReligiousReformation,areligiousreformmovementthatstarte

3、dfromGermany.Againstthebackgroundofthoseemergingnewforces,the13EnglishcoloniesthatwouldbecometheUnitedStatesofAmericawereplantedinNorthAmerica.WhatweresomeofthecausesoftheAmericaRevolutionAn:Internalreason：Bytheearly1760s,the13EnglishcoloniesinNorthAmericaha

4、ddevelopedasimilarAmericanpatterninpolitics,economyandculturelifeandenjoyedthesamefrontierenvironment,TheEnglishpeopleandEuropeanshadbecomeAmericansandtheywerereadytoseparatethemselvesfromtheOldWorld;Externalreason:1Asaresult,theBritishgovernmentbegantocharg

5、enewtaxesonsugar,coffee,textilesandotherimportedgoods.2AftertheSevenYear’sWar.TheQuarteringActpasssedbyBritishParliamentforcedthecoloniesthehouseandfeedBritishsoldiers.MaincontentsoftheConstitutionAn:1TheConstitutionsetupafederalsystermwithastrongcentralgove

6、rnment.2TheConstitutionalsocalledfortheelectionofanationalleaderorpresident.3ItprovidedthatfederallawswouldbemadeonlybyaCongressmadeupofrepresentativeselectedbythepeople.4ItprovidedfornationalcourtsystermheadedbyaSupremeCourtThecharacteristicsoftheconstituti

7、onoftheUnitedStatesAn:1ChecksandBalance:Eachbranchhaspowersthattheothersdonothaveandeachbranchhasawayofcounteractingandlimitinganywrongfulactionbyanotherbranch.2Sharingpower:theConstitutionspecifiedexactlywhatpowerthecentralgovernmenthadandwhichpowerwasreser

8、vedforthestates.WhatarethegreatchangeswhichtheindustrialrevolutionbroughttheAmericaAn:AftertheIndependenceWarAmericawasmainlyanargriculturecountry.ButtheIndustrialRevolutionthatstartedinEnglandd