tinyOS编程教程快速入门.pdf

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1、HowtoCodeonTinyOSXufeiMaoAdvisor:Dr.Xiang-yangLiCSDept.IITOutlinesWhatisTinyOS?Hardware&SoftwareNesCAsimpleexampleConclusionSowhydoweneedanewOS?TraditionalOSHuge!Multi-threadedarchitecture=>largememoryI/OmodelKernelanduserspaceseparationTypicallynoenergyconstraintsAmpl

2、eavailableresourcesSensorHardwareConstraintsLowerPowerLimitedmemorySlowCPUSize(Small)LimitedhardwareparallelismsCommunicationusingradioLow-bandwidthShortrangeDesiredOSPropertiesSmallmemoryfootprintEfficientinpowerandcomputationCommunicationisfundamentalReal-timeSuppo

3、rtdiverseapplicationdesignTinyOSSolutionConcurrency:usesevent-drivenarchitectureModularityApplicationcomposedofcomponentsOS+ApplicationcompilesintosingleexecutableCommunicationUsesevent/commandmodelFIFOandnonpre-emptiveschedulingNokernel/applicationboundaryTheHardwareSoft

4、wareTinyOS(Platform)CodinglanguageNesC(NetworkEmbeddedSystemC)TinyOSMemoryModelSTATICmemoryallocation!Noheap(malloc)NofunctionpointersNodynamic,run-timeallocationGlobalvariablesAvailableonaper-framebasisConservememoryUsepointersLocalvariablesSavedonthestackDeclaredw

5、ithinamethodTinyOS&nesCConceptsNewLanguage:nesC.Basicunitofcode=ComponentComponentProcessCommandsThrowsEventsHasaFrameforstoringlocalstateUsesTasksforconcurrencyComponentsprovideinterfacesUsedbyothercomponentstocommunicatewiththiscomponentComponentsTwotypeofcomponentsMo

6、dulecomponentwrittenwithcodeConfigurationcomponentswiredtogetherComponentsTinyOSApplication(Sample)Commands/Events/TasksCommandsShouldbenon-blockingi.e.takeparametersstarttheprocessingandreturntoapp;postponetime-consumingworkbypostingataskCancallcommandsonothercomponentsE

7、ventsCancallcommands,signalotherevents,posttasksbutcannotbesignal-edbycommandsPre-empttasks,notvice-versaTasksFIFOschedulingNonpre-emptablebyothertask,pre-emtablebyeventsUsedtoperformcomputationallyintensiveworkCanbepostedbycommandsand/oreventsnesCNamingconventionsnesCfi

8、lesextension:.ncClock.nc:eitheraninterf