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1、高考语法专题：倒装句和省略句考纲新研读倒装句1.全部倒装全部倒装是指整个谓语放到主语的前面，即谓语在前，主语在后。有下列几种：(1)therebe(lie,stand,live...)句型。therebe是谓语，其后的名词是主语。Therearedifferentformsofenergy.Onthetopofthemountaintherestandsanoldtemple.Onceuponatime,therelivedapoorfisherman.(2)在以here,there,out,in,up,dow
2、n,away，now，then等开头的句子中。Theregoesthebell.Herecomesthebus.Outrushedtheboy.Awaywentthechildren.Thedooropenedandthereenteredamiddle-agedman.【注意】主语是人称代词时不倒装。例如：Hereitis.给你。Awayhewent.他走了。(3)直接引语在句首。“Whatdoesitmean?”askedtheboy.(4)为了使句子保持平衡，有时需要倒装。Nearbyweretwocan
3、oesinwhichtheyhadcometotheisland.Onthewindingpathweretobefoundfootprintsofsomestrangeanimals.2.部分倒装即将谓语的一部分提到主语之前。相当于变为一般疑问句中的谓语。是倒装句的重点,也是高考考查的热点之一。部分倒装主要有以下几种情况：(1)Only+状语在句首：OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappily
4、backtowork.【注意】如果only后没有状语，即使在句首也不倒装。例如：Onlyadoctorcandoit.(2)否定副词在句首。这类副词主要有：hardly,seldom,little,not,nor,neither,notonly...butalso,nosooner...than,hardly...when，innotime等。Littledoeshecareaboutwhatothersthink.Notasinglemistakedidhemake.NevershallIforgetit.H
5、ardlyhadIreachedthebusstopwhenthebusstarted.NosoonerhadIreachedhomethanitbegantorain.NotuntilhecamebackdidIleave.Atnotimeshouldyouleaveyourpost.(3)由so引起的表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人(或东西)或由neither/nor引起的表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人(或东西)的句型：Sheisateacher.Soisherbrother.Youcandrive.So
6、canI.Shecan’tdothework.Neither/NorcanI.注意：如果是重复相同的意思，不倒装。例如：—Itwascoldyesterday.—Soitwas.(4)so...that句型，如果so在句首。Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.Soshallowwasthewaterthattherewerenofishinthelake.(5)省略了if的虚拟条件句。HadIbeeninformedearlier,
7、Icouldhavedonesomething.Shouldanyonecall,tellhimtowaitformehere.WereInotengagedinmypresentwork,Iwouldbequitewillingtodowhatyouaskmeto.3.只把表语、宾语、状语提到句首。这类倒装既不是全部倒装，又不同于部分倒装，只把表语、宾语、状语提到句首，谓语动、词并不倒装。(1)as引导让步状语从句：Youngasheis,heisverybrave.Childasheis,heknowsal
8、ot.(2)however与nomatterhow引导的让步状语从句：Howevergreatthedifficultymaybe,wewon’tloseheart.(3)感叹句：Whatawarmwelcometheyreceived!Howfastheran!(4)themore...themore句型：Thefartherawayathingis,thesmalleritlook
