中学生英语常见错.ppt

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1、中学生英语常见错误例析——直接引语和间接引语来宾市象州县象州镇初级中学洪萍陈述句转换的误用1.｛Theteachersaid,“Ishallcome.”(直接引语)Theteachersaidthatshewouldcome.(间接引语)说明：当直接引语改为间接引语时，如果原句为一个陈述句，在改成间接引语时，引语的前面用that来连接。这个that在口语中可省略。2.｛Hesaid,“Ｉshalldoit.”(直接引语)Hesaidthathewoulddoit.(间接引语)说明：直接引语改为间接引语时，原引语的人称代词（I）要按照意思改变人称（

2、he）。3.｛Shesaid，“Iambusy.”(直接引语)Shesaidthatsheisbusy.(误)Shesaidthatshewasbusy.（正）说明：如果主语的谓语是过去时，直接引语中的现在时改为间接引语时应用过去时，以使引语中的谓语与句子的主要谓语在时态上一致。4.｛Hesaid,“Ihavereadthestory.”(直接引语)Hesaidthathereadthestory.(误)Hesaidthathehadreadthestory.(正)说明：当谓语动词是现在完成时，间接引语要改为过去完成时。5.｛Theteacher

3、said,“Weshallreviewlessontomorrow.”Theteachersaidthattheywouldreviewlessontomorrow.(误)Theteachersaidthattheywouldreviewlessonthenextday.(正)说明：直接引语变为间接引语时，有些时间状语要作适当变化。Tomorrow要改为thenextday或thefollowingday，其它的如：｛Hesaid,“Ivisitedhimyesterday.”(直接引语)Hesaidthathehadvisitedhimyest

4、erday.（误）Hesaidthathehadvisitedhimthepreviousday.(或thedaybefore)(正)｛Shesaid,“Ｉhavemethertoday.”(直接引语)Shesaidthathehadmethertoday.（误）Shesaidthathehadmetherthatday.(正)｛Hesaid,“MysisterwenttoShanghaithreedaysago.”(直接引语)HesaidthathissisterhadgonetoShanghaithreedaysago.”（误）Hesaidt

5、hathissisterhadgonetoShanghaithreedaysbefore.”(正)｛Shesaid“Nowitisyourturntorecite.”(直接引语)Shesaidnowitwasmyturntorecite.（误）Shesaidthenitwasmyturntorecite.(正)6.｛Shesaid,“Thisbookismine.”(直接引语)Shesaidthatthisbookwashers.(误)Shesaidthatthatbookwashers.（正）说明：直接引语中的指示代词this，在间接引语中要用

6、that;these要变为those。又如：｛Hesaid,“Thesebooksaremine.”(直接引语)Hesaidthatthesebookswerehis.(误)Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.（正）二.疑问句及祈使句转换的误用1.｛Hesaid,“Areyouready?”(直接引语)HesaidthatwasIready?(误)HesaidifwasIready?(误)HeaskedifIwasready.（正）说明：一般疑问句变为间接引语时，不能用连词that，而要用if或whether来引导，后面的主谓

7、语一般不颠倒。选择疑问句或反义疑问句也是这样。又如：｛Heasked,“Areyouaworkeroradoctor?”HeaskedmewhetherIwasaworkeroradoctor.2.｛Theteachersaidtohim,“Don‘tbelateagain.”（直接引语）Theteachersaidtohimdonotbelateagain.(误)Theteacheraskedhimnottobelateagain.（正）说明：直接引语如果是一个祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用一个复合宾语表达。又如：｛Hesaid,“Geteve

8、rythingreadybeforeclass.”Heorderedustogeteverythingreadybeforeclass.