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1、2010年3月地下水Mar,2010第32卷第2期GroundwaterVol32NO2海岸带城市地下水分布特征1,233高茂生,史贵军,薛振宇(1国土资源部海洋油气资源和环境地质重点实验室,山东青岛266071;2山东省青岛海洋地质研究所,山东青岛266071;大庆油田有限责任公司生产运行部,黑龙江大庆163453)[摘要]我国城市海岸带地下水类型和分布主要受控于陆地地质作用,尤以大地构造作用和河流地质作用为主导。松散沉积物类海岸带地下水为孔隙水,含水介质单一
2、,空间变化大,地下水的赋存和分布规律亦相应复杂。以距今78万年晚更新世为界线,可将第四纪松散沉积物含水层组划分为上(浅)下(深)两层(部)。下部的全新统(Q4)和上更新统(Q3)含水岩组以微咸水、咸水多见;上部的中更新统(Q2)和下更新统(Q1)分布有淡水,部分地下淡水资源有一定的供水意义。基岩类海岸带地下水主要为裂隙水和岩溶水,多为淡水,其水资源量与当地的降水量和基岩入渗系数的大小有直接关系。除砂砾石台地的基岩类海岸带、少数溺谷型泥质海岸带的河谷内和碳酸盐岩分布区外,一般无集中供水意义。[关键词]海岸带城市;地下水类型;水资源;分布特征[中图分
3、类号]P6418[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1004-1184(2010)03-0004-04DistributionofdifferenttypesofGroundwaterinCoastalCity1,233GAOMao-sheng,SHIGui-jun,XUZhen-yu(1.TheKeyLaboratoryofMarineHydrocarbonResourcesandEnvironmentalGeology,MinistryofLandandResources,Qingdao266071,China;2.Qingdao
4、InstituteofMarineGeology,Qingdao,266071,China;3.DaqingoilfieldcompanyLTDProductionManagementDepartment)Absrtact:ByanalysisofQclusterandcharacteristicfactormatrix,somebasictypesanddistributionswarefoundbyselecting7characteristicfactorsin26districtsofcoastalzone.Intheviewofenvi
5、ronmentalhydrology,ChinaCoastalZonewouldbedividedinto2basicgroups(sedimentarycoastandrockycoast)and6subgroups(sandycoast,muddycoast,stronglyhydrodynamiccoast,massivebedrockcoast,gritbedrockcoast,bankslope&platformcoast).Distributionsofgroundwateraremainlycontrolledbylandgeolog
6、yaction,particularlybytectonismandhydraulicconditions,andoceangeologyactiontakespartinonlychangingfactor.Inthewayofwaterresources,surfacewaterresourceswerewidelyutilizedinsouthcoastalcitiesandgroundwaterwaterresourcestookmoremainroleinnorthcoastalcities.Themediumsofsedimentco
7、astaquiferaresimple,butthestructureofaquiferisrelativelycomplexityandthechangeofphaseisquick.TherearemuchsaltshallowgroundwaterandabundantfreshgroundwaterindeepgritaquiferofPleistoceneEpochinsedimentarycoast.Beingheterogeneousmedium,itcannotbeprobablethathasabundantfreshgro
8、undwaterinfissureaquifer,althoughthewaterqualityisgood.Thetyp
