英语国家概况课件全chapter2BritishHistory.ppt

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1、Chapter2HistoryTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandTheRiseandFalloftheBritishEmpireTheFoundingoftheNationITransitiontotheModernAgeIIIIIBritainSinceWorldwarIIIVVCONTENTTheShapingoftheNationEnglishandBritishMonarchs55B.C.~410449~1066RomansOccupationAnglo-Saxons&DanesEnglishandBritish

2、Monarchs1066~11541154~1399HouseofNormanHouseofPlantagenetEnglishandBritishMonarchs1399~14611461~1485HouseofLancasterHouseofYorkEnglishandBritishMonarchs1485~16031603~1714HouseofTudorHouseofStewartEnglishandBritishMonarchs1714~19171917~HouseofHannoverHouseofWindsorⅠTheFoundingoftheNation(5000BC-

3、1066)EarlySettlersRomanBritainTheAnglo-SaxonsVikingandDanishinvasionsTheNormanConquestEarlyEnglishHistoryIThebestevidencethattheprimitivepeoplehadshowntheirowncivilizationistheStonehenge3,000BCIberians(Stonehenge)Celts750B.C.FranceGermanyS,I,Wrace&cultureEarlySettlers&4InvasionsRomans55BC-410A

4、DRomanEmpireLatinlanguageChristianityAnglo-Saxons446-871GermanyEnglishrace&languageDanes8th-11CDenmarkdialectNorman1066NormandyFeudalismConquestTimeConquerorInfluenceFirstinvasion—In55BC,JuliusCaesarinvadedBritainSecond—Caesar'ssecondraidin54BCThirdandfinal—In43AD,EmperorClaudius,finalandsucces

5、sfulRomaninvasionofBritainLeft—GermanicattackinRome,forcingallRomantroopstoleaveBritain,andthusendingtheRomanoccupationoftheisland.Capableadministrators&goodbuilders(townsandcities&roads)RomanBritain(43AD—5thCentury)Anglo-Saxons(446-871)GermanicTribes:Angles,Saxons,JutesEnglish:Thelanguage

6、oftheAnglesEngland:ThelandoftheAnglesChristianity6thCenturySt.Augustine(1stArchbishopofCanterbury)church(cathedral)churchleader:BishopArchbishopofCanterburyKingArthurTheswordinthestoneKingArthurandtheKnightsoftheRoundTableThesearchfortheHolyGrail(cup)ArthurdrawingtheswordfromthestoneVikingandD

7、anishinvasions(8thCentury—1066)Heptarchy(七王国）AlfredtheGreat,kingofWessexthefatheroftheBritishnavyApeacetreaty:KingAlfredofEnglandFrom1016to1042,undertheruleofDanishkings.In1042,theEnglishthronewasreturnedtotheAnglo-Saxons871-899Vi