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1、独立主格结构区别于分词作状语分词做状语特点:现在分词作状语,表主动的动作,或表动作正在进行过去分词作状语,表被动的动作,或表动作已经完成。1Whentheyhearthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoyHearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.2Whenitisseenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.3Thechildrenranoutoftheroo
2、m.Theylaughedandtalkedmerrily.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.特点:主语一致分词作状语独立主格结构Weatherpermitting,we’llgosightseeinginGaopo.Allthingsconsidered,herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyours.结构特点:两个不同的主语独立主格结构的形式:名词或代词+分词(doingdone)名词或代词+不定式名词或代词+形容词副词名词或
3、代词+介词短语名词或代词+名词Therebeing+名词(代词)Itbeing+名词(代词)分词独立结构由“名词+being…”构成时,being常省略。名词或代词+分词(doingdone)1)天气允许的话,我们去高坡观光吧。Weatherpermitting(Ifweatherpermits),we’llgosightseeinginGaopo.2)综合来看,他的论文比你的更有价值。Allthingsconsidered(Ifallthingsareconsidered),herpaperisofgreatervalu
4、ethanyours.Helayonhisback,histeethset,hisrighthandclenchedonhisbreastandhisglaringeyeslookingstraightupward.3)他仰面躺着,牙关紧闭,双手紧握在胸前,两眼朝上直直地怒视着。名词或代词+不定式1)明天要考试,我今晚就不去看电影了吧。Theexamtobeheldtomorrow,Icouldn’tgotothecinematonight.Theysaidgood-byetoeachother,onetogohome,th
5、eothertogotothebookstore.2)她俩道了别,一个要回家,另一个要去书店。Manytrees,flowers,andgrasstobeplanted,ourschoolwilllookevenmorebeautiful.3)种下大量的花草树木后,学校看起来会更漂亮。不定式在独立主格结构中多表示将来的行为,表示“企图”“约定”等,指的是按计划安排要做的事。名词/主格代词+形容词1)这么多人缺席,会议不得不取消。Somanypeople(being)absent,themeetinghadtobecalled
6、off.2)那架飞机遭遇了空难,无一人生还。Anairaccidenthappenedtotheplane,nobody(being)alive.3)会议一结束,他们就都回家了。Themeeting(being)over,theyallwenthome.名词/主格代词+介词短语1)孩子们手里拿着花向我们跑过来Thechildrencamerunningtowardsus,flowersinhands.2)玛丽靠近火炉坐着,背对着门。Marywassittingnearthefire,herbacktowardsthedoor
7、.表示存在时用“Therebeing+名词(代词)”的结构1).Therebeingnobuses,theywalkedtothetheatre2).Therebeingnocauseforfear,hereturnedtohishometown.Itbeing+名词(代词)由于圣诞节的缘故,政府机关都休息。ItbeingChristmas,thegovernmentofficeswereclosed.由于今天是假日,所有商店都关门了。Itbeingholiday,alltheshopswereshut.Suchbeing+
8、名词(代词)Suchbeingthecase,shehasnothingtosay.Suchbeingthefact,shehadtoadmithismistake.区别于介词with/without复合结构doing(表示动作的主动和进行)done(表示动作的被动和完成)With/wit