资源描述：
《外文文献_信息高效管理系统.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、附录Ⅰ英文资料翻译英文原文： DefinitionofaManagementInformationSystem Thereisnoconsensusofthedefinitionoftheterm"managementinformationsystem".Somewriterspreferalternativeterminologysuchas"informationprocessingsystem","informationanddecisionsystem","organizationalinformationsystem",orsimply"
2、informationsystem"torefertothecomputer-basedinformationprocessingsystemwhichsupportstheoperations,management,anddecision-makingfunctionsofanorganization.Thistextuses“MIS”becauseitisdescriptiveandgenerallyunderstood;italsofrequentlyuses“informationsystem”insteadof“MIS”toreferto
3、anorganizationalinformationsystem. Adefinitionofamanagementinformationsystem,asthetermisgenerallyunderstood,isanintegrated,user-machinesystemforprovidinginformationtosupportoperations,management,anddecision-makingfunctionsinanorganization.Thesystemutilizescomputerhardwareandso
4、ftware;manualprocedures;modelsforanalysisplanning,controlanddecisionmaking;andadatabase.Thefactthatitisanintegratedsystemdoesnotmeanthatitisasingle,monolithicstructure;rather,itmeansthatthepartsfitintoanoveralldesign.Theelementsofthedefinitionarehighlightedbelow.Computer-based
5、user-machinesystem Conceptually,managementinformationcanexistwithoutcomputer,butitisthepowerofthecomputerwhichmakesMISfeasible.Thequestionisnotwhethercomputersshouldbeusedinmanagementinformationsystem,buttheextenttowhichinformationuseshouldbecomputerized.Theconceptofauser-mach
6、inesystemimpliesthatsometasksarebestperformedbyhumans,whileothersarebestdonebymachine.TheuserofanMISisanypersonresponsibleforenteringinputdata,instructingthesystem,orutilizingtheinformationoutputofthesystem.Formanyproblems,theuserandthecomputerformacombinedsystemwithresultsobt
7、ainedthroughasetofinteractionsbetweenthecomputerandtheuser. User-machineinteractionisfacilitatedbyoperationinwhichtheuser’sinput-outputdevice(usuallyavisualdisplayterminal)isconnectedtothecomputer.Thecomputercanbeapersonalcomputerservingonlyoneuseroralargecomputerthatservesanu
8、mberofusersthroughterminalsconnectedbycommunicationlines.Theu
