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1、2009年5月成人本科学位英语考试试题及答案 PartIReadingComprehension（30%） Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheA
2、nswerSheet. Passage1 Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage: （76）Muchunfriendlyfeelingtowardscomputershasbeenbasedonthefearofwidespreadunemploymentresultingfromtheirintroduction. Computersareoftenusedaspartofautomatedproductionsystemsrequiringaleastpossiblenumberofop
3、erators,causingthelossofmanyjobs.Thishashappened,forexample,inmanysteelworks. Ontheotherhand,computersdocreatejobs.Theyaremoreskilledandbetterpaid,thoughfewerinnumberthanthosetheyreplace.Manyactivitiescouldnotcontinueintheirpresentformwithoutcomputers,nomatterhowmanypeople
4、areemployed.Examplesarethecheckclearingsystemofmajorbanksandtheweatherforecastingsystem. Whenafirmintroducescomputers,afewpeopleareusuallyemployedinkeyposts（suchasjobsofoperationsmanagers）whileotherstaffarere-trainedasoperators,programmers,anddatapreparationstaff. （77）Afte
5、rthenewsystemhassettleddownpeopleinnon-computerjobsarenotalwaysreplacedwhentheyleave,resultinginadecreaseinthenumberofemployees.Thisdecreaseissometimesbalancedbyasubstantialincreaseintheactivityofthefirm,resultingfromtheintroductionofcomputers. Theattitudesofworkerstowards
6、computersvary.Thereisfearofwidespreadunemploymentandofthetakeoverofmanyjobsbycomputer-trainedworkers,makingpromotionforolderworkersnotskilledincomputersmoredifficult. Ontheotherhand,manyworkersregardthetrendtowardwideruseofcomputersinevitable.Theyrealizethatcomputersbringa
7、boutgreaterefficiencyandproductivity,whichwillimprovetheconditionofthewholeeconomy,andleadtothecreationofmorejobs.ThisviewwassupportedbytheformerBritishPrimeMinister,JamesCallaghanin1979,whenhemadethepointthatnewtechnologiesholdthekeytoincreasedproductivity,whichwillbenefit
8、theeconomyinthelongrun. 1.Theunfriendlyfeelingtowardscomputersisdevelopedfrom
