英语人教版八年级下册grammar focus.pptx

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1、ThePresentPerfectTense现在完成时态户县庞光镇初级中学崔粉1.现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与already,yet,before,just，never,ever，once，twice等状语连用。例如：①Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.②Haveyoueverriddenahorse?③Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.④Haveyoumilkedthecowyet?Yes,Ihavedonet

2、hatalready.⑤I’vejustlostmymathbook.用法及时间状语：2.现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。应该和表示延续的时间状语连用。如for、since，sofar,inthelastfewyears.等引导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）一段时间的表达方法有两种:for:+一段时间forayearfortwoweeksforthreeyears过去的某一时刻,sinceninesincelastweek一般过去时态的时间状语

3、从句sinceyoucamesinceyougothome.注意:for和since所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.Hehasbeenawaysincelastweek.Hehasbeenawayforoneweek.对划线部分提问都用HowlongSince助动词have/has+done(动词的过去分词)注：has用于第三人称单数，have用于其他所有人称。规则动词的过去分词变化与过去式相同，不规则变化则须单独记忆。谓语动词变化形式：规则动词过去分词的构成构成规则原形过去式一般在动词原形末尾加-

4、edworkplayworkedplayed结尾是e的动词加-dhopelivehopedlived末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edstoptripstoppedtripped结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-edstudyworrystudiedworried注意：非延续性动词不能于表示一段时间的短语连用（用法第二点），应改用持续性动词。非延续性动词转化成延续性动词方法：1.直接转化成延续性动词buycatch(get)acoldborrowc

5、ome/go/becomehavehaveacoldkeepbe2.转换成be+名词jointhearmyjointhePartygotoschoolbeasoldier/inthearmybeaPartymemberbeastudent/inschool3转换成be+形容词或副词diefinishbeginleavefallsleepcloseopenbedeadbeoverbeonbeawaybeasleepbeclosedbeopen√×××√×√√()()()()()()()()Ihaveb

6、oughtanewdictionaryforaweek.Ihavehadanewdictionaryforaweek.我买一本新词典已有一星期了。Theyhavecomeherefortwodays.Theyhavebeenherefortwodays.他们来这儿已经两天了。HehasjoinedtheLeaguememberfortwoyears.HehasbeenaLeaguememberfortwoyears.他已入团两年了。Themanhasbeendeadforseveralyears.T

7、hemanhasdiedforseveralyears.这个人已经死了几年了。请判断ExercisesHisfatherhasdied.(for2years)Thefootballmatchhasbegun.(since9:00a.m)Thetwinshavejoinedthearmy.(sincetheyare18yearsold)MyteacherhasjustleftNanjing.(for3days)Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years.Thefootballmatch

8、hasbeenonsince9:00a.m.Thetwinshavebeensoldiers/beeninthearmysincetheyare18yearsold.MyteacherhasbeenawayfromNanjingfor3daysHave/hasgonetohave/hasbeentohave/hasbeeninhave/hasgoneto:已经去了或在途中，还没有返回；have/hasbeento:曾今去过某地，现在已经回来了,后面可接表示“次数”的状