机械原理 英汉双语 教学课件 作者 张春林 Chapter 1 Introduction.pptx

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1、TheoryofMachinesandMechanismsChapter1Introduction1.TheConceptofMachinery1.1　GeneralInformation(1)MechanismAmechanismisadevice,whichproducesspecificmechanicalmotions.Thus,thefunctionofamechanismistotransmitandmodifyamotion.Weoftenuseadrawingwithsomesimplelinesandsymbolstodes

2、cribethemechanism,anditiscalledkinematicaldiagram.(2)MachineAmachineisadevicewhichproducesspecificmechanicalmotions,anditcantransmitormodifymechanicalenergy,materialsandinformation.Amachinemaybeamechanismoracombinationofmechanismscapableoftransmittingormodifyingmotionandmec

3、hanicalenergy.(3)MachineryIntheviewpointofkinematics,mechanismandmachinehavenodifference，somechanismsandmachinesaregenerallycalledmachineryinmechanicalengineering.Thereisnoenergytransformingandmodifyinginamechanism,forexample,mechanicalwatchisamechanismbutnotamachine,becaus

4、eitcannottransformenergy.Fig.1-1　Internalcombustionengineandscheme(内燃机及其机构简图)1—piston(活塞)　2—coupler(连杆)　3—crankshaft(曲轴)　4、5、6—gear(齿轮)　7—cam(凸轮)8—follower(推杆)　9—lever(杠杆)　10—valve(气门)　11—frame(缸体)2.CompositionofMachinesFig.1-2　Compositionofmachine(机器组成示意图)Amachineconsistso

5、fprimepower,transmissionsystemandworkingsystem.Amodernmachinealsocontainsacontrolsystem.Fig.1-2showstheblockdiagramofcompositionofamachine.Fig.1-3　Automaticgate(电动大门示意图)1—driver(驱动器)　2—gate(大门)　3—electromotor(电动机)　4—reducer(减速器)5—chaindriver(链传动)　6—rollers(滚轮)Fig.1-3bshowsa

6、diagramofanautomaticgate.Fig.1-3ashowsthecompositionofthedriver.Theprimepoweriselectromotor3whichhasahighspeed.Butgate2needsalowspeedtowork,sowehavetoinstallgearmechanismsandchainmechanismstomodifythespeedofelectromotor3.Thereducer4andchaindriver5aretransmissionsystem.Gate2

7、consistingoftheparallellinkagesiscalledworkingsystem.Fig.1-4　Constituteofthecoupler(连杆的组成)1—bodyofthecoupler(连杆体)　2—bearing(小端轴承)　3—bearingbush(轴瓦)4—headofthecoupler(连杆头)　5—bolt(螺栓)　6—nut(螺母)　7—washer(垫圈)1.2TeachingContentandObjectoftheCourse1.ResearchObjectoftheCourseThere

8、searchobjectofthecourseisthetheoryofmachinery,andmachinerycontainsmechanismsandmac