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1、HistoryAndAnthologyOfAmericanLiteraturePartITheLiteratureofColonialAmericaHistoricalIntroductionTheFirstAmericanWritings&WritersPuritanThoughtsHistoricalIntroductionl1.ThediscoveryoftheAmericancontinentbyChristopherColumbusin1492ChristopherColumbus’sdiscoveryofAmerica2.EnglishandEuropeanexplorer
2、sTheearliestsettlersincludedDutch,Swedes,Germans,French,Spaniards,Italians,andPortuguese,eachgroupsettlingindifferentpartsofthecontinentandtheyallcontributedtotheformingoftheAmericancivilization,butthecoloniesthatbecamethefirstUnitedStateswereforthemostpartEnglishsustainedbyEnglishtraditions,rul
3、edbyEnglishlaws,supportedbyEnglishcommerce,andnamedafterEnglishmonarchsandEnglishlands.3.EnglishandEuropeansettlementsThefirstpermanentEnglishsettlementinNorthAmericawasestablishedatJamestown,Virginiain1607.Atlastearlyinthe17thcentury,theEnglishsettlementsinVirginiaandMassachusettsbeganthemainst
4、reamofwhatwerecognizeastheAmericanhistory.TwoImportantNewEnglandSettlements→(Map)ThePlymouthColonyFlagshipMayflowerarrives–1620Leader-WilliamBradfordSettlersknownasPilgrims(朝圣者，朝觐者,清教徒前辈移民)andSeparatists(主张脱离英国国教者)"TheMayflowerCompact"providesforsocial,religious,andeconomicfreedom,whilestillmain
5、tainingtiestoGreatBritain.TheMassachusettsBayColonyFlagshipArbellaarrives–1630Leader-JohnWinthropSettlersaremostlyPuritansorCongregational(公理会教派的)Puritans"TheArbellaCovenant"clearlyestablishesareligiousandtheocratic(神权政治的)settlement,freeoftiestoGreatBritain.4.ThefirstAmericanwritingslThefirstwri
6、tingsthatwecallAmericanwerethenarrativesandjournalsofthesesettlements.Theywroteindiariesandinjournals.Theywrotelettersandcontractsandgovernmentchartersandreligiousandpoliticalstatements.Theywroteabouttheirvoyagetothenewland,aboutadaptingthemselvestotheunfamiliarclimatesandcrops,aboutdealingwithI
7、ndians.Allseemedpossibletotheminthenewworldthroughhardworkandfaith.1)CaptainJohnSmithlHisreportsofexploration,publishedintheearly1600s,werethefirstdistinctlyAmericanliteraturetobewritteninEnglish.Smith’sdescriptionsofAmerica
