湖南省茶陵县高中英语Unit3Tomorrow’sWorldGrammarandusage课件牛津译林版.pptx

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1、Unit3Unit3Tomorrow’sworldThepassivevoice&Modalverbsandthepassivevoice&VerbsoftenusedinthepassivevoiceGrammarandusage句子的主动语态和被动语态在意义上区别很小。在主动语态中，句子的主语是动作发出者；在被动语态中，句子的主语是动作的接受者或受影响者。ThepassivevoiceThelovelyrobotsattractsthevisitors.Thevisitorsareattract

2、edbythelovelyrobots.S.V.O.O.V.S.TheGreatWallwasvisitedbymanypeoplelastyear.S.V.O.O.V.S.ManypeoplevisitedtheGreatWalllastyear.被动语态的基本形式是be+过去分词。通过改变be的时态，可以构成不同时态的被动语态。e.g.Foodiskeptinthefridge.Theglasswasbrokenbytheboy.Thepassivevoiceindifferenttenses:

3、TenseTheactivevoiceThepassivevoiceThesimplepresentThepresentcontinuousThepresentperfectdo/doesare/isdoneam/is/aredoinghas/havedoneam/is/arebeingdonehave/hasbeendoneThesimplefutureThesimplepastThepastcontinuousThepastperfectbegoingto/willdodidwas/weredo

4、inghaddonebegoingto/willbedonewas/weredonewas/werebeingdonehadbeendone在用被动语态时还要注意以下几点：在被动语态中，动作发出者往往置于by之后，但在不必指出动作发出者是谁、动作发出者并不重要或很难指出动作发出者是谁时，一般不提及动作发出者。e.g.Boththeheadsetsandtheglovesareconnectedtoacomputernetwork.在give，lend，offer，send，tell和show等动词后

5、，可带有两个宾语，分别指人和指事物。当带有这些动词作谓语的句子变为被动语态时，通常用指人的宾语作句子的主语。有时也可用指事物的宾语作句子的主语。e.g.OurteacheroftentellsussomeinterestingstoriesinEnglish.WeareoftentoldsomeinterestingstoriesinEnglish.SomeinterestingstoriesareoftentoldtousinEnglish.在主动语态中，有些动词后常接宾语和不带to的动词不定式。

6、在被动语态中，则使用带to的动词不定式。e.g.Ioftenhearthegirlplaythepianointheafternoon.Thegirlisoftenheardtoplaythepianointheafternoon.在被动语态中，有时get可用来代替be，如getchanged，getdressed和gethurt等。e.g.Mybikegotstolenlastnight.You’dbettergetchangedquickly,asthepartywillbeginsoon.Th

7、eeggsseemtohavegotbroken.有些动词可用主动语态形式来表示被动意义。e.g.Thissweaterwasheswell.Thepenwritessmoothly.ThekindofcomputersellswellinChina.表示状态的动词不能用被动语态。e.g.Ilikepopsongsandoftenlistentothem.Hehasabighouseneartheriver.Youcandependonhertodealwiththesituation.一些特殊的被

8、动语态句型：It+动词的被动语态形式+that引导的从句e.g.Itissaidthathewillrecoversoon.Itisbelievedthatthethreemissingsailorshavedrowned.主语+动词的被动语态形式+动词不定式e.g.TheSunwasoncethoughttotravelaroundtheEarth.常用于这类句型的动词有say，believe，report，suppose，know和prove等。Answers:1