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1、第30卷第6期石油钻采工艺Vol.30No.62008年12月OILDRILLING&PRODUCTIONTECHNOLOGYDec.2008文章编号:1000–7393(2008)06–0093–04致密气藏压裂井定向射孔优化技术11122邓金根郭先敏孙焱戚斌雷炜(1.中国石油大学,北京102249;2.中国石化西南油气分公司,四川德阳618000)摘要:目前,致密气藏压裂施工普遍存在破裂压力较高的难题。为了研究和解决这一问题,针对低渗致密砂岩气藏的特点,并结合川西南致密气藏压裂井存在的实际问题,在分析了影响川西南致密气藏压裂井压裂效果的主要因素的基础上,通过室内大尺寸真三轴模
2、拟实验系统和FLAC3D有限差分大型岩土数值模拟软件,研究了不同射孔方式和射孔方位、孔密、孔深及孔径对裂缝延伸和破裂压力的影响规律。根据室内实验和数值模拟结果,对川西南致密气藏压裂井进行了射孔优化,形成了最大主应力方向定向射孔、13~16孔/m中等孔密、大孔径和深穿透的优化射孔思路。现场应用结果表明,使用该思路进行压裂施工,能有效地降低地层破裂压力和提高产能。为致密砂岩气藏压裂改造提供了新型有效的技术手段,促进了致密砂岩气藏高效压裂技术的发展。关键词:致密气藏;破裂压力;真三轴实验;数值模拟;定向射孔中图分类号:TE357.11文献标识码:AResearchonorientedp
3、erforationoptimizationtechniqueforfracturingwellsintightgasreservoir11122DENGJingen,GUOXianmin,SUNYan,QIBin,LEIWei(1.ChinaUniversityofPetroleum,Beijing102249,China;2.SinopecSouthwestOil&GasFieldBranchCompany,Deyang618000,China)Abstract:Currently,fracturingintightgasreservoirgenerallyexistsahi
4、gherfracturepressurepuzzle.Inordertosettlethisproblem,combinedthecharacteristicoftightgasreservoirwiththepracticalproblemsexistinginfracturedwellinsouthwestSichuan,thewritersanalyzethekeyfactorsinfluencingfracturingeffect.Inaddition,bycarryingoutsimulationexperimentonlargesizeandrealtri-axial
5、equipmentandusingtheFLAC3Dfinitedifferencenumericalmodelingsoftware,wealsostudytheeffectrulesofdifferentperforationmodes,azimuths,densities,depthsandsizesonfracturepropagationandfracturepressure.Onthebaseofthelaboratoryexperimentandsimulationresults,weoptimizedtheperforationmethodoffracturingw
6、ellintightgasreservoirofsouthwestSichuanandobtainedaoptimizationthinkingthatorientedperforatingshouldbeinthedirectionofmaximumprincipalstresswithmoderateholedensityof13~16hole/m,largesizeanddeeppenetration.Thefieldapplicationresultindicatesthatfracturepressurecouldbeeffectivelyreducedandthepro
7、ductivitybeincreased.Therefore,fortightgasreservoir,orientedperforatingoptimumdesignisapowerfulandfeasibletooltoacceleratethedevelopmentofeffectivefracturingtechnology.Keywords:tightgasreservoir;fracturepressure;realtri-axialtest;numericalsim