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1、动物学杂志ChineseJournalofZoology2008,43(4):97～101中华鳖眼睛发育的形态及组织学观察朱道玉(菏泽学院生命科学系菏泽274015)摘要:在孵化基质沙粒径为013～016mm、孵化温度为(3310±015)℃、孵化基质的湿度为7%～10%、相对湿度为70%～85%的条件下孵化中华鳖(Trionyxsinensis)卵,孵化周期35～36d。破壳取不同发育时期的胚胎并制作切片,观察眼睛发育的形态学和组织学特征。孵化第4d头部两侧出现眼泡的突起;第6d眼睛开始出现色素,第14d色素由褐色变为黑色;第7d瞳孔出现,透过瞳孔可
2、见晶状体;虹膜于第14d出现,第18、19d瞳孔周围呈放射状;巩膜突自第19d出现,第21d增至最多,第23d消失;上、下眼睑分别在第19d和22d出现,第32d眼睑可覆盖瞳孔,眼睛形态与成体眼睛相似。表皮外胚层于第3d形成角膜原基和晶体泡,第32d角膜发育完成;第34d晶状体发育完成;神经外胚层于44～48h由前脑的两侧分化形成视泡,第3d由视泡分化形成视杯,并逐步分化形成视网膜;第23d视网膜的八层结构基本形成;第34d视网膜发育完成。关键词:中华鳖;眼睛;发育中图分类号:Q954文献标识码:A文章编号:025023263(2008)0429720
3、5MorphologicalandHistologicalObservationontheEyeDevelopmentofTrionyxsinensisZHUDao2Yu(DepartmentofLifeScienceofHezeUniversity,Heze274015,China)Abstract:EggsofTrionyxsinensiswereincubatedinarenaceoussubstratewiththediameterofsandgranule013-016mmandthehumidity7%-10%.Thetemperature
4、incubatedwas3310±015℃andtherelativehumiditywas70%-85%.Theincubatedperiodwas35-36d.Embryosofdifferentdevelopmentalstageweretakenoutthroughbreakingupeggshells.SlicesweremadeinordertoobservemorphologicalandhistologicalcharacteristicsoftheeyedevelopmentofT.sinensis.Protuberancesofey
5、evesicleappearedontowsidesoftheheadon4thdayafterincubated.Thepigmentbegantoappearineyesonthe6thday.Onthe14thday,brownpigmentbecameblack.Onthe7thday,thepupilappeared.Thecrystallinelenswasvisiblethroughthepupil.Theirisappearedonthe14thday.Itbecameactinomorphicaroundthepupilinthe18
6、thand19thday.Thescleralstalkwasappearedonthe19thday,increasedtothemaximumonthe21stdayanddisappearedonthe23rdday.Theuppereyelidandthelowereyelidappearedonthe19thdayandthe22nddayrespectively.Theeyelidwasabletocoverthepupilon32ndday,andtheeyewassimilartomatureeyeintheform.Thecutise
7、ctodermformedthecorneaprimordialandthelensvesicleafterthe3rdday.Afterthe32ndday,thecorneadevelopedcompletely.Thecrystallinelensdevelopedcompletelyafterthe34thday.Thenerveectodermdifferentiatedandformedtheopticvesicleontowsidesoftheforebrainfromthe44thto48thhour.Theopticcup,which
8、wasdifferentiatedfromtheopticvesicle,graduallyd
