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1、summinguptheplot.Athemeisusuallystatedingeneralwords.Anothertrysoundslikethis:“Solitarypeopleneedaorderlyplacewheretheycandrinkwithdignity.”Thatisalittlebetter.WehaveindicatedthatHemingway’sstoryismorethanmerelyaboutanoldmanandtwowaiters.Werememberthatatt
2、heendthestoryisentirelyconfinedtotheolderwaiter’sthoughtsandperceptions.Howdoweunderstandhismediationon“nada,”nothingness,whichbearssomuchemphasis?Nogoodstatementofthethemeofthestorycanleaveitout.Thenwehavestillanothertry:“Solitarypeopleneedaplaceofrefuge
3、fromtheirterribleawarenessthattheirlife(orperhaps,humanlife)isessentiallymeaningless.”Neitherthisnoranyotherstatementofthestory’sthemeisunarguablyappropriate,butthestatementatleasttouchesoneprimaryideathatHemingwayseemstobedrivingat.Afterweread“AClean,Wel
4、l-LightedPlace,”wefeelthatthereissuchatheme,aunifyingvision,eventhoughwecannotreduceittoatagandwemaystillvaryinouropinionabout,andstatementof,thetheme. Moralinferencesdrawnfrommoststories: Moralinferencesmaybedrawnfrommoststories,nodoubt,evenwhenanauthord
5、oesnotintendhis/herstorytobereadthisway.In“AClean,Well-LightedPlace”,wefeelthatHemingwayisindirectlygivingusadviceforproperlyregardingandsympathizingthelonely,theuncertain,andtheold.Butobviouslythestorydoesnotsetforthalessonthatwearesupposedtoputintopract
6、ice.Wecansayforsurethat“AClean,Well-LightedPlace”containsseveralthemesandotherstatementscouldbemadetotakeinHemingway’sviewoflove,ofcommunicationbetweenpeople,ofdignity.Greatstories,likegreatsymphonies,frequentlyhavemorethanonetheme. Whenwesaythatthetitleo
7、fPrideandPrejudiceconveysthethemeofthenovelorthatUncleTom’sCabinandTheGrapesofWrathtreatthethemesofslaveryandmigratorylaborrespectively,thisistousethemeinalargerandmoreabstractsensethanitisinourdiscussionofHemingway’s“AClean,Well-LightedPlace.”Inthislarge
8、rsenseitisrelativelyeasytosaythatMarkTwain’sHuckleberryFinn,Updike’sA&P,andFaulkner’sBarnBurningconcernthethemeof“initiationintomaturity.”Suchgeneraldescriptionsofthemecanbeuseful,especiallyifwewanttosortalargenumbe
