现在完成时态常与一些时间状语连用.doc

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1、现在完成时1.构成方法have/has+动词的过去分词现在完成时的否定式是在have/has的后面直接加not；变为疑问句时，要将have/has提到主语之前。2.现在完成时态常与一些时间状语连用：yet,already,just,before,ever,never,recently,sofar,till/until,uptonow,inthepastfewyears,etc.含义用法例句already已经肯定句Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.yet尚未；还未否定句、疑问句Hehasnotheard

2、fromheryet.HasMrWangarrivedyet?just刚刚肯定句Shehasjustcleanedthekitchen.never从未否定句She’snevertalkedtoaforeigner.ever曾经HaveyouevervisitedtheGreatWall?ThisisthebestbookIhaveeverread.before以前，之前HaveyoubeentotheUSAbefore?3.since四种用法：a)since+过去一个时间点（1980,March)Ihavebeenheresin

3、ce1989.b)since+一段时间+agoIhavebeenheresincefivemonthsago.c)since+从句Greatchangehavetakenplacesinceyouleft.d)Itis+一段时间+since从句（过去时）ItistwelveyearssinceIbecameastudent.4.For引导的表示一段时间的状语TheyhavebeeninCanadafortenyears.Mybrotherhaskeptthisbookfor5weeks.(特殊疑问句)→Howlonghasyou

4、rbrotherkeptthisbook?5.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday,lastweek,twodaysago,in2000,justnow…6.havegoneto,havebeento,havebeenina.JimhasgonetoLondonwithhisfamily.(HeisonhiswayorinLondonnow)b.JimhasbeentoLondonbefore.(Heisbacknow.)c.JimhasbeeninLondonfortwoweeks.(Hewen

5、ttoLondontwoweeksagoandheisstillthere)7.延续性动词与终止性动词终止性动词不可延续,所以不可与表示一段时间的状语连用.误:I’veleftmyhometownfor10years.正:I’vebeenawayfrommyhometownfor10years.误:Hehasborrowedthisbookforaweek.正:Hehaskeptthisbookforaweek.但它们的否定式可以与一段时间状语连用.Eg.Ihaven’tboughtanynewclothesforthreemo

6、nths.8.终止性动词与表示一段时间的状语连用时,将终止性动词转化为持续性动词come→bein…go→bein…die→bedeadborrow→keepbuy→havejoin→bein…/bea…memberleave→beawayEg.Icamehereforthreeyears.(×)→Ihavebeenhereforthreeyears.Theoldmandiedfortwomonths.(×)→Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortwomonths.