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1、非谓语动词非谓语动词：包括不定式todo，动名词doing，过去分词done及现在分词doing.动词不定式：1.作主语或表语。1)Itishard_____ahighmountain.(climb)（不定式作主语，常用it作形式主语。）2)Theonlywaytoreachtheedgeoftheforest___thenarrowdirtpathinfrontofus.A.wastotakeB.wastotakingC.willtakeD.wastaken（不定式作表语，常用来说明主语内容。）2.某些动词后须
2、跟不定式todo作宾语：e.g.afford,agree,decide,demand,offer,determine,hope,expect,wish,happen,fail,manage,desire,long(渴望),plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,intend,seem;…3.某些动词后须用不定式作宾补v.+n.+todoe.g.advise,allow,permit,forbid,ask,beg,cause,choose,drive(驱使),enable,encou
3、rage,expect,wish,force,get,invite,prefer,tell,think,want,warn,order,require,callon,dependon…4.动词let,have,make,notice,watch,observe,feel,hear,see,后用动词原形作宾补.如改为被动语态，省掉的to要还原。e.g.IheardMarysinglastnight.Marywasheardtosinglastnight.5.某些结构后面要用省to的不定式(即动词原形)：would/
4、hadrather,wouldyouplease,hadbetter,ratherthan(而不是)…6.不定式作定语时，与其修饰的名词有主谓关系或动宾关系。e.g.1)Ihaven’tdecidedwhichhotel______.A.tostayB.tobestayedatC.tostayatD.forstaying2)Theoldscientisthasbeeninvitedtoaparty_____nextMondayevening.A.holdingB.heldC.tobeheldD.beingheld
5、3)LittleBettyfound__________.A.withnoonetoplayB.noonetoplaywithC.noonetobeplayedwithD.noonetoplay4)a.MrSmithistheverydoctor______.b.MrSmithistheverydoctorforyou__.A.tobesentforB.tosendforC.sendingforD.tobesent7.疑问词+不定式todo：相当于一个名词从句，常用来作主语，表语，宾语或状语。e.g.Hedoes
6、n’tknow____tostayornot.A.ifB.eitherC.whetherD.ifhewillLastsummerItookacourseon_____.A.howtomakedressesB.howdressesbemadeC.howtobemadedressesD.howaredressesmade不定式的省略：---Didyourbrothergototheparty?---No,buthe_______.A.planneditB.plannedto）C.plannedsoD.planned形
7、容词easy,difficult,hard,fit后的动词不定式用主动形式表被动意义。e.g.IfoundtheGermanLanguagehard_____.A.tobelearnedB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning动名词doing的用法:1.作主语：动名词表一种抽象的和泛指的概念，而不定式表一次性的，具体的动作。e.g.Swimmingisagoodexercise.ToswimacrossthatriverispossiblesomedaywhenIgrowup.用在Itisnous
8、e(good,awasteoftime,notaneasytask)…和therebeno(nouse)…结构中。e.g.Itisnogood_____thestabledoorwhenthehorseisstolen.A.closingB.toshutC.lockingD.tolockThereisnouse______himatthishour.A.tocallB.c
