软件工程导论期末复习.doc

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1、软件工程概述部分FAQsaboutsoftwareengineeringlWhatisSoftware?Computerprogramsandassociateddocumentationsuchasrequirements,designmodelsandusermanuals（指南）.Softwareproductsmaybedevelopedforaparticularcustomerormaybedevelopedforageneralmarket.Genericproducts–通用软件产品Bespoke(cu

2、stom)products–制定软件产品Characteristics1:Softwareisdevelopedorengineered;Butitisnotmanufacturedintheclassicalsense.（Thatmeanswecancopyyourproductwhenyoufinishthephaseofbuildingup.）Characteristic2:Softwaredoesn’t“wearout”lWhatisSoftwareEngineering?Softwareengineering

3、isanengineeringdiscipline（工程学科）thatisconcernedwithallaspectsofsoftwareproduction.Softwareengineersshouldadoptasystematicandorganised（系统的，有组织的）approachtotheirworkanduseappropriatetoolsandtechniquesdependingontheproblemtobesolved,thedevelopmentconstraintsandtheres

4、ourcesavailable.resources:People(mostimportant)ToolsMethodProcesslWhatisthedifferencebetweenSE(softwareengineering)andCS(computerscience)?Computerscienceisconcernedwiththeoryandfundamentals;softwareengineeringisconcernedwiththepracticalitiesofdevelopinganddelive

5、ring(交付)usefulsoftware.lWhatisthedifferencebetweensoftwareengineeringandsystemengineering?systemengineeringisconcernedwithallaspectsofcomputer-basedsystemsdevelopment,includinghardwaresoftwareandprocessengineering(处理工程).softwareengineeringisapartofthisprocess.lW

6、hatissoftwareprocess?Asetofactivitieswhosegoalisthedevelopmentorevolutionofsoftware.Genericactivitiesinallsoftwareprocessesare:Specification（描述）-whatthesystemshoulddoanditsdevelopmentconstraintsDevelopment（开发）-productionofthesoftwaresystemValidation（有效性验证）-check

7、ingthatthesoftwareiswhatthecustomerwantsEvolution（进化）-changingthesoftwareinresponsetochangingdemands.lWhatissoftwareprocessmodel?Asimplifiedrepresentation（表示形式）ofasoftwareprocess,presentedfromaspecificperspective.softwareprocessmodel：Workflowperspective-sequence

8、ofactivities;Data-flowperspective-informationflow;Role/actionperspective-whodoeswhat.软件过程部分lGenericprocessmodelsØWaterfall;（瀑布型）——Separateanddistinctphasesofspecifica