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1、定语从句在复合句中，用来修饰()或()的句子叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做()。名词代词先行词定语从句分为定语从句和定语从句。限制性定语从句对被修饰词起到限制、修饰的作用，一般不可缺少。非限制性定语从句起补充、附带说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。通常用逗号与主句分开。e.g.Shesaidshehadfinishedherwork,whichIdoubtedverymuch.I’vegotsomepersonalaffairsthatIhavetodealwith.限制性非限制性定语从句常用关系词
2、关系代词：（在句中作主、表、宾、定等成分）关系副词：（在句中作状语）who,whom,whose,that,which,as等where,when,why定语从句引导词的选择取决于先行词（被修饰词）在定语从句中的位置、成分。e.g.ThepeoplewhomwhothatyoumetinthecampusarefromAustralia.（作宾语）ThiswasthetimewhenatwhichsheleftforBeijing.Theplacewhichheoftenvisitsisalwaysfullof
3、artists.使用要点1.关系代词在从句中作主语时，不能省略。e.g.Theclassroomthatisonthefourthfloorispoorlyequipped.2.关系代词在从句中作宾语且前面没有介词时，常可省略。e.g.Thisisthegirlwithwhomheworks.3.关系副词在定语从句中不可省略。e.g.IhavecometoexplainthereasonwhyIwasabsentfromthemeeting.4.只用that，不用which的情况：当先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
4、；当先行词前有theonly,thevery,thelast等词修饰时；当先行词为anything,nothing,something,everything,等不定代词修饰时；当先行词前有all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few等词修饰时；先行词中既有人又有物时；f.当主语是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时；当先行词是theway,,thereason等时；当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。5.只用which，不用that的情况：A引导非限制性定语从句时；Thehouse,whi
5、chheboughtlastyear,isverynice.B引导词前有介词时;6.当those作为先行词指人时，通常只能用who引导；as引导的限制性定语从句的先行词是thesame,such,或被他们所修饰；e.g.Manyofthesportsarethesameastheywerewhentheystarted.Theresultwasnotsuchasheexpected.8.介词+关系代词一.关系代词的选用在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有which和whom。如果先行词是物，引导词用which,如果先行词是人
6、，则引导词用whom。e.g.ThisistheshipbywhichIwenttoShanghai.ThisisthestudentforwhomIboughtthebook.二.介词的选择1.根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用介词；e.g.ThefellowtowhomIspokemadenoansweratfirst.TheWestlake,forwhichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.2.根据先行词来确定介词；e.g.Yesterdaywehadameetingat
7、whichwediscussedmanyproblems.3.根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。e.g.a)Air,withoutwhichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.b)InfrontofthehouseTomisplantingatree,underwhichhewillbeabletositandreadsomeday.关系副词引导的定语从句1.when修饰的先行词是表示时间的名词，在定语从句中作时间状语。Istillrememberthedayswhenwelivedtog
8、ether.2.where修饰的先行词是表示地点的名词，在定语从句中作地点状语。Thisisthefactorywheremyfathereverworked.3.why修饰先行词reason,在定语从句中作原因状语。Didhetellyouthereasonwhyhewaslate?Exercises1.Thisisthetown______
