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1、大学英语语法CollegeEnglishGrammar王娜SubjunctivemoodMeaning:usedtoexpressvariousstatesofunrealitysuchaswish,emotion,possibility,judgment,opinion,necessity,oractionthathasnotyetoccurredIfhehaddriven(drive)morecarefully,hewouldnothavehad(have)thecaraccidentyesterday.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中虚拟条件句主句例句与现在事实相反的假设If+主语+动词的过去式
2、（be动词用were)主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形IfIwereyou,Ishouldseizethechancetogoabroad.与过去事实相反的假设If+主语+had+过去分词主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavefailedintheexams.与将来事实相反的假设A.If+主语+动词的过去式B.If+主语+wereto+动词的原形C.If+主语+should+动词的原形主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifh
3、eshouldnotcometomorrow,weshouldputoffthemeetingtillnextMonday.【CET-4:2006.12】TheVictimwouldhavesurvived(本来会有机会活下来)ifhehadbeentakentohospitalintime.【CET-6:2007.12】Butformobilephone,ourcommunicationwouldnothavebeensoefficientandconvenient.(我们的通讯就不可能如此迅速和方便)【CET-6:2007】Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice/suggesti
4、on,youwouldnothavebeenintrouble.(听从了我的忠告，你就不会陷入麻烦).【CET-4:2006.6】Theprofessorrequiredthatwe(should)handinourresearchreport(s).(我们交研究报告)。【CET-6:2007.6】Itisabsolutelyunfairthatthesechildrenbedeprivedoftherighttoreceiveeducation.(被剥夺了受教育的权利).It’stimesomethingwasdone/somemeasuresweretaken(采取措施)aboutthet
5、rafficproblemdowntown.Hewishedhehadn‘tsaidthat.他没讲那样的话IwishIwereastallasyou.你一样高。ifonlyIwasnotsobusy.(但愿)我不这么忙。ifonlyIhadtakenataxi.我(要是)乘出租车去(就好了)。虚拟语气的考点归纳如下：if或butfor等引导的条件句(should)+动词原形的情形itistime…,wish,ifonly的用法Summary1.1虚拟语气的类别从虚拟语气的形式和内容两方面着眼，可将其分为三大类：be型虚拟语气Were型虚拟语气条件虚拟语气1.2be型虚拟语气Be型虚拟语气指在
6、任何情况下，不分时态、人称，句子谓语动词统统使用原形动词的虚拟形式，be型虚拟语气主要有两种用途1）用于含有命令、建议、要求等意义的结构中含有上述意义的动词后的宾语从句含有上述意义的名词后的同位语从句或表语从句含有上述意义的某些Itis+过去分词+that或itis+形容词+that的结构中在英国英语中，这一类的虚拟语气也可以用should+原形动词的形式Theteacherinsistedthatwebeinhisofficeat5o’clock.老师坚持让我们五点钟到他的办公室去。Thegeneralorderedthathistroopsretreatfromthefrontline.将
7、军命令部队从前线撤退。常与be型虚拟语气连用的动词主要有：advise,agree,decide,demand,insist,move,order,prefer,propose,request,require,suggest等名词主要有：decision,advice.demand,instruction,order,insistence,proposal,requirement,resoluti
