循环系统--组织学和胚胎学.ppt

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1、CirculatorySystemCardiovascularsystemLymphaticsystemHeart:pumpArtery:outputCapillary:exchangeVein:inputCardiovascularsystem1.HeartmyocardiumEndocardiumEpicardium(LM)Thewalloftheheart1.1Endocardiumendothelium:continuousSubendothelium:DCT&SMCSubendocardiallayer:ad

2、eeperlayerCT,branchesOfimpulse-conductingsystem.locatedinthislayer.EndocardiumofcardiacwallendocardiumendotheliumPurkinjefiberThevalvesoftheheartstructureSurface:foldsofendocardiumCore:DCTFunctionsPreventretrograde.1.2*MyocardiumCardiacmusclecells.Atrialmyocardi

3、um:secretnatriuretichormone.Increaseexcretionofwater、sodium;dilatevessels&reducebloodpressure.CardiacmuscleIntercalateddisc1.3EpicardiumPlasmamembrane：mesotheliumLCTViscerallayerofpericardium.(LM)Thewalloftheheart2.GeneralStructureofBloodVesselstunicaintima:End

4、othelium：asinglelayerofsquamousepithelialcellsbasallaminaSubendotheliallayer：LCTInternalelasticmembranetunicamedia:elastictissues/SM;EEMtunicaadventitia:LCT3.Arteries3.1largeartery1.TunicaintimaEndothelialcells:rod-likeinclusions,(WPbodies)Weibel-Paladebodies.Su

5、bendotheliallayer：relativethicker.Internalelasticmembrane:indistinct2.TunicamediaFenestratedmembrane--40~70lamellaeofelastin.ElasticarterySMC&elasticfiber.Externalelasticmembrane:indistinct3.Tunicaadventitiarelativethinner,CT.largearteryintimamediaadventitialarg

6、eartery3.2medium-sizedarteryIntima:Subendotheliallayer：relativethinner.Internalelasticmembrane:distinctMedia:Smoothmusclecells--mostcircularlyoriented(10~40layers),musculararteryAdventitia:Thicknessissimilartomedia.Externalelasticmembraneisdistinctinthejunction.

7、medium-sizedartery3.3smallartery&arteriolesmallartery:diameter0.3-1mm,Internalelasticmembraneisdistinct，severallayersofcircularSMinmedia,noExternalelasticmembrane.Arteriole:diameter<0.3mm，with1～2layersofcircularSM，adventitiaisthin.smallartery&arterioleSmallarter

8、yarterioleComparisonsbetweenlarge、medium&smallarteryWallsoflumenlargeAMediumASmallAintimaendotheliumW-PbodySubendothelialthickthinthinIEMindistinctdistinctvisiblemedi