培养基中的矿质元素.ppt

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1、NutrientMediaforPlantTissueCultures刘　彤石河子大学生命科学学院1刘彤　石河子大学生命科学学院Oneofthefirstdecisionsthatmustbemadewhendevelopingatissueculturesystemiswhatmediumtouse.Nutrientmediaforplanttissueculturearedesignedtoallowplanttissuestobemaintainedinatotallyartificialenvironment.2刘彤　石河子大学生命科学学院F

2、unctionsofmediumProvidewaterProvidemineralnutritionalneedsProvidevitaminsProvidegrowthregulatorsAccesstoatmosphereforgasexchangeRemovalofplantmetabolitewaste3刘彤　石河子大学生命科学学院A.MacroelementsconsistofN,K,P,Ca,Mg,andS.1.Nitrogen(N)-Nitrogenisessentialforplantgrowth.Mostinorganicnitr

3、ogenisconvertedtoaminoacidsandthentoproteins.Nitrogenistypicallyaddedtoplantnutrientmediaasthenitrateion(NO3-,oxidized)and/ortheammoniumion(NH4+,reduced),whichareaddedasinorganicsalts.Inorganicnitrogengenerallyrangesfrom25-60mMinnutrientmedia.Indevisingmedia,boththetotalamounto

4、fnitrogenaswellastherelativeamountsofNO3-andNH4+areimportant.ThereareusuallylowerlevelsofNH4+thanNO3-inmedium;nitrateisusuallyaddedatconcentrationsbetween25and20mMandammoniumatconcentrationsbetween2and20mM.42.Potassium(K)-Potassiumisthemajorioninplantswithapositivecharge,balanc

5、ingnegativeions.Althoughtheamountofpotassiumrequiredvarieswidelyamongdifferentspecies,inmediapotassiumconcentrationisgenerallycorrelatedwiththatofnitrateandrangesbetween20-30mM.5刘彤　石河子大学生命科学学院3.Phosphorous(P)-Phosphorusisanintegralpartofnucleicacidsandotherstructuralcompounds.I

6、tisaddedtoculturemediumasphosphate(PO4-)insodiumorpotassiumhydrogenphosphatesinconcentrationsrangingfrom1-3mM.4.Calcium(Ca)-Calciumisaco-factorofmanyenzymesandisparticularlyimportantincellwallsynthesis.Itissuppliedmostlyascalciumchlorideorcalciumnitrate,concentrationsrangingbet

7、ween1and3mM.Inplantcultures,calciumdeficiencymayresultinshoottipnecrosis.6刘彤　石河子大学生命科学学院5.Magnesium(Mg)-Magnesiumiscriticalforthefunctioningofenzymes,isanintegralcomponentofthechlorophyllmolecule,andisacationthatbalancesnegativeions.Itisusuallyaddedasmagnesiumsulfateinconcentra

8、tionssimilartothatofcalcium.6.Sulfur(S)-Sulfurisaparto