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1、Unit1Scienceisakindofknowledgewhichisaveryusefultoolinsolvingthetechnicalproblemsofindustry,agriculture,warfare,andmedicine.Tounderstandthewidthanddepthtowhichsciencecanbeappliedtothematerialandspiritualproblemsthatconfrontindividualsandnationsrequiresanun
2、derstandingofwhatsciencereallyis.ThewordsciencecomestousfromaLatinword,scire,whichmeans“toknow”.Then,inabroadsense,scienceissimplywhatweknow,thetotalofallhumanknowledge.Butthedefinitionofscienceasallhumanknowledgewouldnotbeaworkableone,foritisobviousthatth
3、erearedifferenttypesofknowledge.Thekindsdifferaccordingtohowtheknowledgewasobtained,andalsoaccordingtowhatframeofexperienceitfits.Whatweknowofthearts,literature,law,religion,andtechnicalknow-how,aremoreorlessseparatefundsofknowledge.Theyhavelittletodowithw
4、hatwecommonlycallscience.Scienceisalsocallednaturalsciencetodistinguishitfromotherbranchesoflearning.Scienceisconcernedwithnature,thatis,withknowledgeofthecharacteristicsandoperationsofanyandallnaturalthingsandhappenings.Scienceembracesallofnature,andexpre
5、ssesourbestideasofhownaturalphenomenaarerelatedtoeachotherandaretobeformedintowhatiscalledtheuniverse.Sciencehasmanycharacteristics,andtounderstandwhatscienceisrequiresadetailedexaminationofthesepropertiesandpeculiarities.Anumberofwritershaveassertedthatsc
6、ienceisreallyonlyamethod—thescientificmethod.Suchadefinitionisanoversimplification,butitiscertainthatthescientificmethodplaysaveryimportantroleindeterminingthenatureofscientificknowledge.Mybagislikeaball.Whatisyourbaglike?Unit3Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyne
7、verreadadvertisements,butthisclaimishardlybelievable.Itisalmostimpossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Justthinkwhatfuntheyoftenprovide!Imaginewhatabusandrailwaystationwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements?Wouldyouenjoygazinghelplesslyatablankwallwhilewaitin
8、gforabusortrain?Wouldyouliketoreadadailypaperclosely-printedwithcolumnsofnews?Acheerful,wittyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwallornewspaper.Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontrib
