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1、Questions41to45arebasedonthesamepassageordialog.Achildwhohasoncebeenpleasedwithatalelikes,asarule,tohaveitretoldinidenticallythesamewords,butthisshouldnotleadparentstotreatprintedfairystoriesassacred(神圣的)texts.Itisalwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreaditoutofabook,and,ifaparentca
2、nproducewhat,intheactualcircumstancesofthetimeandtheindividualchild,isanimprovementontheprintedtext,somuchthebetter.Achargemadeagainstfairytalesisthattheyharmthechildbyfrighteninghimorarousinghissadistic（施虐狂的）impulses.Toprovethelatter,onewouldhavetoshowinacontrolledexperimentth
3、atchildrenwhohavereadfairystoriesweremoreoftenguiltyofcrueltythanthosewhohadnot.Astofear,Ithink,wealsoneedwell-authenticatedcasesofchildrenbeingdangerouslyterrified(使害怕)bysomefairystory.Often,however,thisarisesfromthechildhavingheardthestoryonce.Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetit
4、ionturnsthepainoffearintothepleasureofafearfacedandmastered.Therearealsopeoplewhoobjecttofairystoriesonthegroundsthattheyarenotobjectivelytrue,thatgiants,witches(巫婆),two-headeddragons,magic(有魔力的)carpets,etc.,donotexist;andthat,insteadofindulging(沉溺)hisfantasiesinfairytales,thec
5、hildshouldbetaughthowtoadapttorealitybystudyinghistoryandmechanics.Ifindsuchpeople,Imustconfess,sounsympatheticandpeculiarthatIdonotknowhowtoarguewiththem.Iftheircaseweresound,theworldshouldbefullofmadmenattemptingtoflyfromNewYorktoPhiladelphiaonabroomstick（女巫乘骑的扫帚柄）orcoveringa
6、telephonewithkissesinthebeliefthatitwastheirenchanted(使着魔的)girl-friend.Nofairystoryeverclaimedtobeadescriptionoftheexternalworldandnosane(神志正常的)childhaseverbelievedthatitwas.(320words)41.Theauthorconsidersthatafairystoryismoreeffectivewhenitis_______.A.repeatedwithoutvariationB
7、.treatedwithrespectC.adaptedbytheparentD.setinthepresent42.Somepeopledislikefairystoriesbecausetheyfeelthatthey________.A.temptpeopletobecrueltochildrenB.showtheprimitivecrueltyinchildrenC.lendthemselvestoundesirableexperimentswithchildrenD.increaseatendencytosadisminchildren43
8、.Accordingtothepassagegreatfearcanbestimulatedinachild
