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1、(P283)Ⅰ..阅读理解AveryrapidincreaseinthenumberofshipssailingbetweenAmericanandEuropeanportsbeganalmostimmediatelyaftertheendoftheWarof1812inordertomeetthenewneedfortheregularrapidtransportationofmail,lightcargoes(货物),andpassengers.Itwastheincreaseinemigration(移民)toAmericathatfort
2、hefirsttimemadethecarryingofpassengersacrosstheAtlanticmoreprofitablethanthetransportationofheavycargoes.Anewtypeofsailingship,thepacket(邮船),appearedtomeetthisnewdemand,andthedemandverysoonresultedinstrongcompetitionamongseveralpacketlines.TheearliestofthesewastheBlackBallLin
3、esetupinNewYorkin1816,onlyayearaftertheendofthewar.Theserviceofthisfamouslinestartedwithfourofthenewfastpackets,eachof400to500tons:thePacific,theAmity,theJamesCooper,andtheWilliamThompson.Duringthefirsttwentyyearsofservice,theaveragetimefromNewYorktoLiverpoolwas23daysandtheav
4、eragetripbacktoNewYorktook40days.Bythemiddleofthecenturypacketshadincreasedinsizetobetween900and1,000tonsandtheirspeedhadincreased.TheRedJackeloncesailedfromNewYorktoLiverpoolin13days,11.5hours.TheMaryWhiteridgetook4.5hoursoffthisrecordonarunfromBaltimoretoLiverpool.Suchspeed
5、swerefargreaterthantheaverageoffrom19to21daystoLiverpoolandfrom30to35homewardtoNewYork,butthepacketshadstillsetanewstandardfortransoceanictravel.Nowonderthatsteamships,thefirstofwhichtriedtocompetewiththepacketsin1838,onlybegantoreplacetheminthe1850s.1.Thefastesttransatlantic
6、voyagebyapacketmentionedbytheauthorwasfrom______.A.LiverpooltoNewYorkB.NewYorktoLiverpoolC.BaltimoretoLiverpoolD.LiverpooltoBaltimore2.Accordingtotheauthor,inwhichdecadeofthe19thcenturydidasteamshipfirstattempttocompetewiththetransatlanticpackets?A.The1820s.B.The1850s.C.The18
7、40s.D.The1830s.3.Whichofthefollowingwasthemostimportantinthedevelopmentofthefastpackets?A.TheincreaseinthenumberofpeoplewhowantedtogotoAmerica.B.TheincreaseinthenumberofpeoplewhowantedtogotoEuropeaftertheWarof1812.C.Theincreaseddemandforthetransportationofallkindsofcargoes.D.
8、Theincreasedvolumeofmail.4.Thetimeofthefastesttransatlanticcrossingm
