大脑高级皮层功能障碍.ppt

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1、DisordersofhighercerebralfunctionZhouSaijun周赛君,DepartmentofNeurology,theFirstAffiliatedHospitalofWenzhouMedicalUniversitycognitionfunctionourabilitytoperformcomplexintellectualbehaviorssuchasspeakingandwritingnavigatingourwayaroundourenvironmentrecognizingotherpeople

2、comprehendingtime……CerebralhemisphereCerebellumBrainstemdominanthemisphereThesideofthebrainthatcontrolswritingandspeechiscalledthedominanthemisphereandtheothersideisthenon-dominanthemisphere.Thelefthemisphereisdominantinover90%ofright-handedpeopleandinabout60%ofleft-

3、handedpeople.FRONTALLOBE1.primarymotorcortexthisislocatedinthepercentralgyrusandisconcernedwithmotorfunctionoftheoppositesideofthebodySupplementarymotorandpremotorcorticestheseareasareconcernedwithcoordinatingandplanningcomplexmovements.Symptomsfromlesionsofthemotorc

4、ortexcontralateralmono-orhemiparesisandfacialweaknessSupplementarymotorandpremotorcorticesdisordersofcomplexmotorplanning.2.Broca’sareathemotororexpressivecentrefortheproductionsofspeech(dominanthemisphereonly).SymptomsfromlesionsoftheBroca’sareaexpressivedysphasia:T

5、hiscomprisesnon-fluent,hesitantspeechwithintactcomprehension.Thepatientknowswhatheorshewantstosaybuthasdifficultyfindingthecorrectwords,oftenproducingthewrongword.Theabilitytorepeatwordsisbetterthanspontaneousspeech.Handwritingisalsooftenpoor.3.Prefrontalcortextheant

6、eriorandorbitalpartsofthefrontalcortexgovernpersonality,emotion,initiativeandtheabilitytoplan.SymptomsfromlesionsofthePrefrontalcortexcausesalteredbehaviors,including:socialdisinhibitionlossofinitiativeandinterestinabilitytosolveproblemswithlossofabstractthoughtimpai

7、redconcentrationandattentionwithoutintellectualormemorydecline4.Thecorticalmicturitioncentrethisregionliesintheparacentrallobuleandisinvolvedinthecorticalinhibitionofvoidingofthebladderandbowel.SymptomsfromlesionsofthecorticalmicturitioncentreIncontinenceofurineand/o

8、rfaecesMildersymptomsarefrequencyandurgencyofmicturition5.Frontaleyefieldthisisinvolvedinmakingeyemovementstothecontralateralside.S