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1、chaptersevenfiguresofspeech(I)resemblance(orrelationship)（相似）I.simile:明喻1.difinition:Asimileisafigureofspeechinwhichtwoquitedifferentthingsarecomparedbecausetheyappeartobesimilarinatleastonecharacteristic.Simileisintroducedby“like”or“as”forexample:1).Beau
2、tyisassummerfruits,whichareeasytocorrupt….(FrancisBacon)2).IknowithelpedputmeateasewhenIfeltlikethenewkidatschoolatmyfirstecomonicsummitinOttawain1981(RonalReagan)3).NewChinaislikearedsunrisingintheeast.(EdgarSnow)4).Itiswithwordsaswithsunbeams-----themor
3、etheyarecondensed,thedeepertheyburn.5).Shespokehurriedly,asifherhearthadleapedintoherthroatattheboy’swords.(ThomasHardy)Inasimilethereisuauallyatleastonelimilaritybetweentehtwothingscompared.Butsometimes,thesimilaritymaynotbementined,thiskindofsimilesical
4、ledOPENSIMILE.eg,Themanislikeapig.Butwecanseeanotherwayofsimile.Tehsimilaritiesareshowndirectlyandspecifically.ThissimileiscalledCLOSEDSIMILE.eg.Themanisasfastasapig.2.function:simileownsagreateffectonrhetoricalfunctions,especiallywhenitisusedtodescribeor
5、illustratedmorevividandsomesophistyicatedthepreticalideaseasiertounderstand.Forexample:1)Motherwasshortandplumpandpretty.Hereyeswereblue,andherbrownhairwaslikeabird’ssmoothwings….2)Themothersstayedbackinthekitchenwashinganddrying,puttingthingsaway,recross
6、ingtheirtracelessfootstepslikethelifetimejourneysofbees,measuringoutthedrycocoaforbreakfast3)Hewastenfeetlong,thinasacurve,amuscledribbon,brownasfruit-wood,soft-furred,alert.Hisfacewasfierce,smalandpointedasalizard’s;hewouldhavemadeagoodarrowhead.Therewas
7、justadotofchin,maybetwobrownhairs’swidth,andthatthepurewhitefurbeganthatspreaddownhisunderside.HehadtwoblackeyesIdidn’tseeanymorethanyouseeawidow.(AnnieDillard’sweasel)4)Habitmaybelikennedtoacable;everydayweweaveathread,andsoonwecannotbreakit.5)Riselikeli
8、onsafterslumber像雄师般奋起反抗Inunvanquishablenumber-----亿万成群不可挡----Shakeyourchainstoearthlikedew睡梦中锁链套身上----Whichinsleephadfallenonyou----摔掉它，化为灰烬Youaremany-----theyarefew.他们一小撮，你们千万人（PercyBysshyShelley）6)Themanwhohasnota
