马斯洛层次需求理论.doc

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1、Maslow’sHierarchyofNeedsAbrahamMaslowhasdevelopedafamoustheoryofhumanneeds,whichcanbearrangedinorderofimportance.(1)______________needs:themostbasiconesforsurvival.Theyincludesuchneedsasfood,water,etc.Andthereisusuallyonewaytosatisfytheseneeds.(2)______________needs:needsfora)phys

2、icalsecurity;b)(3)_______________security.Theformermeansnoillnessorinjury,whilethelatterisconcernedwithfreedomfrom(4)______________,misfortunes,etc.Theseneedscanbemetthroughavarietyofmeans,e.g.jobsecurity,(5)______________plans,andsafeworkingconditions.Socialneeds:humanrequirement

3、sfora)loveandaffection;b)asenseofbelonging.Therearetwowaystosatisfytheseneeds:a)formationofrelationshipsatworkplace;b)formationofrelationshipsoutsideworkplace.(6)__________needs:a)self-esteem,i.e.one’ssenseofachievement;b)esteemofothers,i.e.others’respectasaresultofone’swork.These

4、needscanbefulfilledbyachievement,promotion,honors,etc.(7)___________needs:needtorealizeone’spotential.Waystorealizetheseneedsareindividuallydifferent.Featuresofthehierarchyofneeds:a)Social,esteemandself-realizationneedsareexclusively(8)____________needs.b)Needsaresatisfiedinafixed

5、orderfromthebottomup.c)(9)_____________forneedscomesfromthelowestun-metlevel.d)Differentlevelsofneedsmay(10)_____________whentheycomeintoplay.