语言测试讲课稿.ppt

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1、语言测试Introductionthetraditionaloressay-translationapproachpre-scientific,consistingofessaywriting,translation,grammaticalanalysis,theaimoflanguageteaching≠communication,subjectivejudgment,noobjectivecriteriaIntroductionPsychometrics--earlyinthe20thcentury--intelligenceandlanguageproficiency--

2、aframeworkfornorm-referencedtest常模参照测试--basedontheassumptionofnormaldistribution正态分布ofscoresandofmaximizingthedifferencesbetweentesttakers--features:p25--thelevelandrangeofitemdifficultyanddiscriminationIntroductionStructurallinguistics1.theGenevaschool2.Americanstructuralism3.theCopenhagenl

3、inguisticcircle哥本哈根学派4.contextualism语境学派5.thePragueschool布拉格学派IntroductionSaussure--thefatherandpioneerofstructuralism--languageisarelationalsystemofformal--theinternalrelationsoflanguage,noneedtoresorttopsychologyorthesocialscience--basicassumptions:p27IntroductionAmericanstructuralismSapir

4、andBloomfieldBloomfielderaanddistrubitionalismAgraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingp30Language--aninstrumentofcommunication(LadoandHarris)--structuralandcontextualignored(theoreticallyinsignificant,lesspracticallymanageable)Agraphicandverbalpre

5、sentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingAnalysis--languageproficiencyisdivisible--fourmodes:listening,speaking,reading,andwriting--phonemes(speechsound),graphemes(writingsymbols),lexemes(words),grammaticalstructurestherateandgeneralfrequencyabilitiesAgraphicandverbal

6、presentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetestingCriterionproficiency标准语言能力--whatpeopleknowabouttheirlanguageinordertouseitforcommunication.--apsychometric-structuralisttestdiffersfromatraditionaltest--allthefourbasicskillsbecometheintegralpartofacomprehensivetestoflanguag

7、eproficiencyAgraphicandverbalpresentationofthepsychometric-structuralistapproachtolanguagetesting--notcommunicativetheformalknowledgeoflanguageasthecentral--fluencyandcomprehensionarecommunicativewhilepronunciation,grammarandvocabularyarestructural