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1、人教版英语高中必修四第三单元语法2.下列表示“变成”、“保持”、“感觉”等意义的动词有系动词的特征，可与某些现在分词构成主系表结构：comerunninggetgoing/movingremainstandingliedyingstandlookingsitwaiting二、-ing形式作定语1.单个动词的-ing形式（动名词或现在分词）作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如：buildingmaterials=materialsforbuilding建筑材料drinkingwater=waterfordrinking饮用水awal
2、kingstick=astickforwalking手杖areadingroom=aroomforreading阅览室awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台动名词boringspeech=speechthatisboringasurprisingresult=aresultthatissurprisingasleepingboy=aboywhoissleeping现在分词2.-ing形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之后,并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：Theywillmoveintothebuildingbeingbuilt.=Theylivedinaroo
3、mthatisbeingbuilt.ThemanstandingthereisPeter’sfather.=ThemanwhoisstandingthereisPeter’sfather.3.-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其它部分用逗号分开。如：Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.=Hisbrother,whoisworkingasateacher,livesinBeijing.注意：分词完成式不能用作后置定语。表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作，用定语从句。如果是被动结构，直接用过去分词。如
4、：Theboywhohadbrokentheschoolrulewaspunished.Thebuildingcompletedattheendoflastyearcost800millionyuan.三、-ing形式作宾语补足语1.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如：Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.Ifoundabaglyingontheground.Thebosskepttheworkersworkingthewholen
5、ight.2.当主句转换为被动结构时,原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转变为主语补足语。如：Theyfoundtheresultverysatisfying.=Theresultwasfoundverysatisfying.Theyheardhimsinginginthenextroom.=Hewasheardsinginginthenextroom.3.能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:(1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有feel,hear,listento,see,watch,notice,observe,lookat等。如：a.Wesawalightburningin
6、thewindow.b.Ifeltsomebodypattingmeontheshoulder.c.Canyousmellanythingburning?d.Ashespoke,heobservedeverybodylookingathimcuriously.e.Listentothebirdssinging.f.Ididn’tnoticehimwaiting.(2)表示“发现”、“闻到”、“致使”的动词，常见的有find,smell,catch,get,have,keep,leave,send,set等。a.Iwon’thaveyoudoingthat.b.Thejokesetusla
7、ughing.c.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.d.Ican’tgettheclockgoingagain.eYouwon’tcatchmedoingthatagain.fTheexplosionsentthingsflyinginalldirections.gHisremarksleftmewonderingwhathemeant.4.see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词
