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1、汽车活塞复合材料选择与加工（单位湖北汽车工业学院机械工程学院）摘要：活塞有着汽车发动机“心脏”之称，由此可见其对发动机以及整车的重要性，作为发动机上的极重要的一个零件工作环境却是十分恶劣，承受着高温高压的热负荷和机械负荷。其材料有着很高的要求：密度小、质量轻、热传导性好、热膨胀系数小；并具有足够的高温强度、耐磨和耐蚀性能、尺寸稳定性好。另外还应具有容易制造、成本低廉的特点。本论文通过分析零件的工作环境及失效原因了解其性能要求以选出最适合材料，即用新型铝基复合材料代替传统材料作为发动机活塞材料，该材料具有较高的耐磨性、高温强度、疲劳强度和抗咬
2、合性能，同时具有热膨胀系数更小，导热性更好等特点，故在汽车引擎的应用渐增。颗粒增强铝基复合材料作为先进的材料，具有优异的性能，同时原材料资源丰富，相对成本较低，故虽仍存在部分技术问题，但仍在各专业领域有着广泛的应用。关键词：发动机活塞；铝基；复合材料；SiCp/Al；碳纳米管。英文摘要：窗体顶端Automotiveenginepistonwith"heart,"said,wecanseeitandtheimportanceoftheengineofthevehicle,asaveryimportantpartoftheengineonthe
3、workingenvironmentisverybad,sufferthermalandmechanicalloadshightemperatureandpressure.Itsmaterialswithhighdemands:density,lightweight,goodthermalconductivity,thermalexpansioncoefficient;andhassufficienthightemperaturestrength,wearandcorrosionresistance,gooddimensionalstabi
4、lity.Itshouldalsobeeasilymanufacturedwithlowcost.Inthispaper,byanalyzingthecomponentsoftheworkenvironmentandfailuretounderstandthereasonsoftheirperformanceinordertoselectthemostsuitablematerial,whichusesnovelaluminummatrixcompositematerialsinsteadoftraditionalmaterialsasan
5、enginepistonmaterialwhichhasahighabrasionresistance,hightemperaturestrength,fatigueandanti-seizureproperties,alsohasasmallerthermalexpansioncoefficient,thermalconductivity,betterfeatures,soincreasingapplicationinautomobileengines.Particlereinforcedaluminummatrixcompositesa
6、sadvancedmaterials,withexcellentperformance,whileabundantrawmaterialresources,relativelylowcost,itispartofthetechnicalproblem,thoughstillpresent,butanyoneofthevariousprofessionalfieldshaveawiderangeofapplications.Automotiveenginepistonwith"heart,"said,wecanseeitandtheimpor
7、tanceoftheengineofthevehicle,asaveryimportantpartoftheengineontheworkingenvironmentisverybad,sufferthermalandmechanicalloadshightemperatureandpressure.Itsmaterialswithhighdemands:density,lightweight,goodthermalconductivity,thermalexpansioncoefficient;andhassufficienthighte
8、mperaturestrength,wearandcorrosionresistance,gooddimensionalstability.Itshouldalsobeeasil
