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1、数字图像处理课件冈萨雷斯N02BackgroundApplications:Improvementofpictorialinformationforhumaninterpretation.Processingofscenedataforstorage,transmission,andrepresentationforautonomousmachineperception.ScopedefinitionOriginsStateoftheartPrincipalsOverviewofsystemChapter1no.2Wha
2、tareDIPandscope?(readbook)DigitalImage:discretebothinspace(x,y)andamplitudefProcessingbydigitalcomputerPictureelements,imageelement,pels,pixelsNotlimitedtovisualband:wide&varietyfieldofapplicationsNogeneralagreementonthescopeofprocessing,analysis,vision.Input&out
3、put,emulatehumanvision(AI).Noclear-cutboundaries.I/Oimages,extractattributes,recognizingobjects.Suchasanalysisoftext...Chapter1no.3HistoryEarly1920s,Bartlanecablepicturetransmissionsystem.(specialcharacter,5~15graylevel).Middle1960s,spaceshuttle,aerialandsatellit
4、eimagery.(large-scalecomputer&spaceprogram—DIPconcepts).Others,medicalimage(x-ray,MRI,CT.),geography,archeology,astronomy,physics(high-energyplasmas,electronmicroscope).Machineperception:characterrecognition,industrialmachinevision,militaryrecognizance,matchingfi
5、ngerprints,etc.Chapter1no.4History(cont.1)Chapter1no.5DigitalimagesHistory(cont.2)Chapter1no.6DigitalimagesHistory(cont.3)Chapter1no.7DigitalimageprocessedbycomputerExamplesChapter1no.8GammarayExamples(cont.1)Chapter1no.8XrayExample(cont.2)Chapter1no.9Visible&Inf
6、raredExample(cont.4)Chapter1no.10InfraredExamples(cont.5)Chapter1no.11RadiobandExamples(cont.6)Chapter1no.12UltrasoundExamples(cont.7)Chapter1no.13VisualspectrumDigitalImageRepresentationDefinition:monochromeimage(image),atwo-dimensionallightintensityfunctionf(x,
7、y),point(x,y)spatialcoordinates,fbrightnessvalueofthepoint.DigitalImage:Discretizedbothinspatialcoordinatesandbrightness(matrix,elements,pixels).Imagesizeandthenumberofgraylevelareadvantagestobechosenasintegerpowerof2.(512*512,128!)Chapter1no.14DigitalImageRepres
8、entation(cont.)Chapter1no.15DigitalImageRepresentation(cont.)Chapter1no.15FundamentalStepsInImageProcessingSystemImageacquisition(imagesensor&ADconverter)camer
