文献翻译—汽车设计之车架设计.doc

《文献翻译—汽车设计之车架设计.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、附录AutomobileDesign----FrameDesignsThevehicleframeisthebasicplatformtowhichallsuspensionandsteeringlinkagepartsattach.Avehiclewillneithersteernorhandlewelliftheframeistooflexible.Arigidframestructuremaypassunnecessaryvibrationsintothepassengercompartment.Theframeandsuspensiondesignwillaffecttherid

2、equality,handling,anddurability,aswellasthelevelsofbothnoiseandvibration.Manufacturersuseseveraldifferenttypesofconstructionontheirvehicles.Ofthese,separatebodyandframeconstructionwasthemostcommonthroughthe1970's.Itisstillusedinlargevans,pickups,andtrucks.Inthistypeofconstruction,theengine,drivelin

3、e,runninggear,andbodymounttotheframethroughinsulators.Insulatorsaresyntheticrubberpadsthatkeeproadandenginenoiseandvibrationfromgoingintothepassengercompartment.Asecondtypeofconstructionistheunitizedbody.This,designisbyfarthemostpopularinmodernvehicles.Theunitizeddesignhasalightweightstructurewitht

4、herequiredstrength.Tnthistypeofconstruction,theframeisweldedintothebodyaspartofthebodystructure.Bodypanelsaddstrengthtotheframepieces.Therunninggearanddrivelinearemountedtotheunitizedbodythroughlarge,softsyntheticrubberinsulators.Theinsulatorsminimizethetransferofnoiseandvibration.Iftheinsulatorsar

5、etoosoft,theywillallowtoomuchrunninggearanddrivelinemovement.Thismovement,calledcompliance,affectsvehiclehandlingandcontrol.Iftheinsulatorsaretoohard,theywillnotinsulatenoiseandvibrationastheyshould.Themanufacturercarefullydesignstheinsulatorsandputsthemwheretheywillbeinavehiclewithlownoiseandvibra

6、tiontransmissionthatstillhasproperhandlingandfeel.Insulatorpropertieschangewithage,changingoriginalcharacteristicsasthevehiclebecomesolder.Athirdtypeofconstructioncombinesthefeaturesofthefirstandsecondtypes.Itusesastubframefromthebulkheadforwardandaunitizedbodyfromthebulkheadback.Theunitizedpartisv

7、eryrigid,whilethestubframeprovidesaplaceforgoodinsulation.Manufacturersselectthetypeofconstruction.thatismosteconomicaltobuild,'whileprovidingthenoise,vibration,andrideandhandlingcharacteristicstheywantinth