商法导论(课件).ppt

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1、UnitoneIntroductionLearningobjectivesdefinitionoflawfunctionsandclassificationoflawsourcesofAmericanlawtwolegalsystemsoftheworldcommonlawandthedoctrineofstaredecisisWordsyouneedtoknowenforceabilityinjunctionequitycommonlawcivillawprecedentjudicialreviewdecisionslegislatureContentswhatislaw?functi

2、onsoflawcommonlaw(普通法)precedent(先例，判例)thedoctrineofstaredecisis(遵循先例原则)equity(衡平法)sourcesofAmericanlaw:primary&secondaryclassificationsoflawtwomajorlegalsystemsoftheworldUnittwoCourtOrganizationLearningobjectivesjurisdictionandtypesofjurisdictionlong-armstatuetwoAmericancourtsystems:thefederaland

3、stateparticipantsinthecourtsystemWordsyouneedtoknowjurisdictionsubjectmatterpersonaljurisdictionjurisdictionoverthethinglong-armstatuteoriginaljurisdictionappellatejurisdictioninferiorcourttrialcourtappealscourtthesupremecourtjudgmentContentscomplicatedAmericancourtsystemstypesofjurisdictionsubje

4、ctmatterjurisdiction(按标的物确定管辖权)geographicallylimitedjurisdictionoriginaljurisdiction（初审管辖权）appellatejurisdiction(上诉管辖权)long-armstatute（长臂管辖法）thestatecourtsysteminferiorcourts(初等法院)trailcourts(初审法院)appealscourts(上诉法院)thefederalcourtsystemdistrictcourtcourtofappealsthesupremecourtparticipantsinthec

5、ourtsystemlitigants（诉讼当事人)clientspartiesprosecutorplaintiffdefendantjudgechiefjusticeattorney（出庭律师）barrister（英，大律师）lawyerUnitthreeDisputeSettlementLearningobjectivesformsofalternativedisputeresolutiontheadversarysystemcourtprocedures:pretriallitigationtrialtheappealWordsyouneedtoknowarbitrationme

6、diationnegotiationadversarysysteminquisitorialsystempleadingscomplaintaffirmativedefensesanswerdefaultjudgmentdiscoverydepositioninterrogatoriesmotionappealappellantappelleeaffirmupholdreverseadjudicationContentsAlternativeDisputeResolution(ADR)arbitration(仲裁)mediation(调停)negotiation(商议)adversary

7、system（对抗式审判制度）inquisitorialsystem（纠问式审判制度）courtproceduresthreephasesofthelitigationprocess(civilprocedure)PretriallitigationTrialPosttrialmotionTheAppealUnitfourConstitutionalLawLearningobjectiveschecksandbalancestheb