最新21脑神经(4)33教学讲义PPT.ppt

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1、21脑神经(4)33TheCranialNerves一嗅二视三动眼，四滑五叉六外展，七面八听九舌咽，十是迷走十一副，再加舌下十二全。VIII.Vestibulocochlearn.(前庭蜗神经)(位听神经)IX.Glossopharyngealn.(舌咽神经)X.Vagusn.(迷走神经)XI.Accessoryn.(副神经)XII.Hypoglossaln.(舌下神经)Oh.oh.oh.totouchandfeelverygreenvegetables—AH!SystematicAnatomy2DeptofAnatomy,Med

2、icalCollege,QingdaoUniversityIntroductionA.ClassificationoftheCranialNerves1.Sensorynerves(感觉神经):I,II,VIII.2.Motornerves(运动神经):III,IV,VI,XI,XII.3.Mixednerves(混合神经):V,VII,IX,X.SystematicAnatomy3DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityIntroduction2.Motor(efferent)

3、fibers[运动(传出）纤维]1)generalsomaticmotorfiber(GSE)(一般躯体运动纤维):musclesoftheeyeandtongue(眼外肌和舌肌)SystematicAnatomy7DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityIntroduction2)generalvisceralmotorfiber(GVE)(一般内脏运动纤维):smoothmm.(平滑肌),cardiacmm.(心肌),glands(腺体)SystematicAnatom

4、y8DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityIntroduction3)specialvisceralmotorfiber(SVE)(特殊内脏运动):skeletalmusclesderivefrombranchialarch(源与鳃弓的骨骼肌)I鳃弓咀嚼肌II鳃弓面肌III-VII鳃弓咽喉肌,胸锁乳突肌,斜方肌SystematicAnatomy9DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityI.TheOlfactoryNe

5、rve(嗅神经)SVAolfactorybulb(嗅球)olfactoryfilaments(I)(嗅丝)cribriformforaminaolfactorycells(嗅细胞)withintheolfactoryepitheliumofnasalcavity(在鼻腔内嗅区上皮)[anosmia嗅觉丧失][hyposmia嗅觉减退]SystematicAnatomy10DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityII.TheOpticNerve(视神经)SSArodcells(视

6、杆细胞)conecells(视锥细胞)ganglioniccells(节细胞)IIopticchiasma(视交叉)opticcanal(视神经管)photoreceptorcells(感光细胞)[totalblindness全盲]bipolarcells(双极细胞)SystematicAnatomy11DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityⅢ.TheOculomotorNerve(动眼神经)GSE,GVEmidbrain（中脑）脚间窝IIIsuperiorbranch(上支

7、)superiorrectuslevatorpalpebraesuperioris(上直肌,上睑提肌)inferiorrectusmedialrectusinferioroblique(下直肌,内直肌,下斜肌)superiororbitalfissure(眶上裂)IIIinferiorbranch(下支)[strabismus斜视][损伤:眼睑下垂,瞳孔扩大,眼球转向外下,复视]sphincterpupil,ciliarym.(瞳孔括约肌,睫状肌)SystematicAnatomy12DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCo

8、llege,QingdaoUniversityⅢ.TheOculomotorNerve(动眼神经)GSE,GVESystematicAnatomy13DeptofAnatomy,MedicalCollege,QingdaoUniversityⅣ