美国文学史及作品选读PPT6.ppt

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1、Lecture6TheAgeofRealismandNaturalism:HenryJamesContentAmericanRealismHenryJamesTeachingObjectivesandRequirements：1HelpthestudentstoknowaboutAmericanRealism2HelpthestudentstoknowaboutHenryJames1AmericanRealism(1865-1918)：1.1HistoricalBackground1.2Feature

2、sofAmericanRealism1.1HistoricalBackground：TheCivilWar(1861-1865),astruggleofindustryandcapitalistdemocracyagainstagricultureandslavery,wasaturningpointinAmericanhistory.AftertheWar,greatchangestookplaceinAmerica.Firstofall,theCivilWaraffectedboththesoci

3、alandvaluesystemofthecountry:aJeffersonianagrariancommunityintoanindustrializedandcommercializedsociety;wildernessgivingwaytocivilization.ThomasJeffersonTheWaralsobroughtsomenoticeablechangestotheAmericaneconomy:industrydevelopingatanunprecedentedrate;a

4、griculturalproductivityincreasingdramatically;citiesexpandingatanalarmingrate.However,thechangeswerenotallforbetter:thewealthwasmorethaneverinthepossessionofthefew;businessandfinancialtycoonswerehonoredasnationalheroesandasmodelsfortheyouth;lifeforthemi

5、llionswasfastbecomingaveritablestruggleforsurvival.ItwaswhatMarkTwaincalled“TheGildedAge”,anageofextremes:ofdeclineandprogress,ofpovertyanddazzlingwealth,ofgloomandbuoyanthope—anageofgaudyexcessesthatonehistoriandescribedas“TheGreatBarbecue”.(P116-117)<

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7、asareactionagainst“thelie”ofromanticismandsentimentalism.Itexpressedtheconcernfortheworldofexperience,ofthecommonplace,andforthefamiliarandthelow.Itaimedattheinterpretationoftheactualitiesofanyaspectoflife,freefromsubjectiveprejudice,idealism,orromantic

8、color.Inmattersofstyle,therewasacontrastbetweenthegenteelandgracefulproseontheonehand,andvernaculardictionandroughandreadyfrontierhumorontheother.(P118)P.S.：(WilliamDeanHowells,definingrealismas“nothingmoreandnothinglessthanthetr