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1、SmartCarsUnit2OralEnglishTopicsCarsinModernLifeTips:1.Doyouwanttoownacarinfuture?Whatkindofcarwouldyouliketobuy?2.Whatwillthefuturecarsbelike?3.Isitnecessaryforeverybodytohaveacarinchina?4.whatistherelationshipbetweencarsandtheenvironment?1.automobileindustry:Theautomobil
2、eindustryisoneofthemostimportantindustriesintheworld,affectingnotonlyeconomiesbutalsocultures.Itprovidesjobsformillionsofpeople,generatesbillionsofdollarsinworld-widerevenues,andprovidesthebasisforamultitudeofrelatedserviceandsupportindustries.Automobilesrevolutionizedtra
3、nsportationinthe20thcentury,changingforeverthewaypeoplelive,travelanddobusiness.Theautomobilehasenabledpeopletotravelandtransportgoodsfartherandfaster,andhasopenedwidermarketareasforbusinessandcommerce.Theautoindustryhasalsoreducedtheoverallcostoftransportationbyusingmeth
4、odssuchasmassproduction(makingseveralproductsatonce,ratherthanoneatatime),massmarketing(sellingproductsnationallyandgloballyratherthanlocally),andglobalizationofproduction(assemblingproductswithpartsmadeworld-wide).Between1886and1898,about300automobileswerebuilt,buttherew
5、asnorealestablishedindustry.Acenturylater,withautomakersandautobuyersexpandingglobally,automakingbecametheworld’slargestmanufacturingactivity,withmorethan53millionnewvehiclesbuilteachyearworldwide.Automobilemanufacturesareamongthelargestcompaniesintheworld.Thesecorporatio
6、nsareoftenmultinational.Thesecompaniesoftenshareparts,orusepartsmadeinforeignfactories.TheU.S.automobileindustryproduced16.8millionvehiclesin1999.ThethreemajorautomobilemanufacturesintheUnitedStates----GeneralMotorsCorporation,FordMotorCompany,andDaimlerChryslerAG----prov
7、idethree-fourthsoftheindustry’stotaldirectemploymentintheUnitedState.Atthestartofthe21stcentury,thetrendsofglobaltradeandmanufacturingflexibilitycontinue.Computerizationcontinuestobeamajorpartofautodesignandmanufacture,asdothesearchforalternativefuelsandmoreefficientautom
8、obiledesigns.2.GlobalPositioningSystem(GPS):space-basedradio-navigationsystem,consistingof24sate
